Somitogenesis in vertebrates is a complex and dynamic process involving many sequences of events generated from the segmentation clock. Previous studies with mouse embryos revealed that the presumptive somite boundary is periodically created at the anterior border of the expression domain of Tbx6 protein. Ripply1 and Ripply2 are required for the determination of the Tbx6 protein border, but the...

Major structures The major structures are located largely in the anterior triangles. The borders of the anterior triangles are the inferior border of the mandible, the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the midline. The borders of the posterior triangle are the sternocleidomastoid muscle, the trapezius muscle and the clavicle. The major structures that can be palpated in the midline, within the ant...

The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of an anterior extension of the parotid gland, such as an accessory parotid gland (APG) or facial process (FP) and to evaluate its characteristics on computed tomography (CT) scans. We reviewed CT scans of 1,600 parotid glands from 800 patients. An APG on CT was defined as a soft-tissue mass of the same density as the main parotid gland, ...

The kidney develops in a specific position along the anterior-posterior axis. All vertebrate kidney tissues are derived from the intermediate mesoderm (IM), and early kidney genes such as Lim1 and Pax2 are expressed in amniotes posterior to the sixth somite axial level. IM cells anterior to this level do not express kidney genes owing to changes in their competence to respond to kidney-inductiv...

To explore the clinical effect of anterior segmental decompression and interbody fusion in treatment of elderly patients with complex cervical spondylotic myelopathy of three segments or more, 50 patients, with titanium plate internal fixation bone fusion underwent anterior cervical decompression and multi segmental cervical spondylosis, were collected. Parameters of operation time, intraoperat...

Extirpation experiments have been performed on the larvae of cockroaches (Leucophaea maderae) to determine the extent and properties of the regeneration field of the legs of these insects. The distal segments, including the coxa, may all be removed without loss of regenerative capability; but regenerative capability eventually disappears if more proximal parts are removed. There are two regions...

Extirpation experiments have been performed on the larvae of cockroaches (Leucophaea maderae) to determine the extent and properties of the regeneration field of the legs of these insects. The distal segments, including the coxa, may all be removed without loss of regenerative capability; but regenerative capability eventually disappears if more proximal parts are removed. There are two regions...

OBJECTIVES To compare the prevalence and the length of mental loop, measured with panoramic radiography (PR) and cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT). MATERIAL AND METHODS PG and CBCT images where analyzed by a single calibrated examiner to determine the presence and the position of the mental foramen (MF), its distance to the lower mandible border, the anterior length of the mental loop ...