Addition of anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) to agricultural irrigation water can dramatically reduce erosion of soils. However, the toxicity of PAM to aquatic life, while often claimed to be low, has not been thoroughly evaluated. Five PAM formulations, including two oil-based products, one water-based product, one granular product and one tablet product, were evaluated for acute and/or chronic to...

A new net-cationic polyacrylamide dry strength agent was synthesized through free radical polymerization using acrylamide (AM), itaconic acid (IA), N,N-dimethylacrylamide (F), and sodium methallyl sulfonate (T). Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid was used as a chelating agent; dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride (DMC) solution was used as a cationic monomer, and ammonium persulfate (...

The Salton Sea is the largest inland water body in California, covering an area of 980 km(2). Inflow to the Salton Sea (1.6 km(3) yr(-1)) is predominately nutrient-rich agricultural wastewater, which has led to eutrophication. Because internal phosphorus release from the bottom sediments is comparatively low and external phosphorus loading to the Salton Sea is high, reduction of tributary phosp...

Abstract The use of paper dry strength additives is one the methods for producing packaging boards with a lower grammage while maintaining mechanical properties. In present work, papers were formed using dissolving grade kraft fibres, fibres and carboxymethylated cellulose (CMC) modified (C-kraft fibres), either cationic starch (CS), anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) or polyelectrolyte complexes (P...

Injectability of the polymer solution is a very important factor that determines effectiveness flooding for enhanced oil recovery. Here, medium and low permeability reservoir was taken as research object, effects relative molecular weight, concentration core on flow injection performance partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) with without anionic-nonionic surfactant (ANS) were studied by in...

In the phosphate industry, thickening process is vital to increasing solid slurry concentration and recovering water that as clear possible. The performance of depends mainly on coagulation–flocculation effect. based flocculant agents concentrate particles: flotation washing plant rejects large flocs, which accelerate their sedimentation velocity. industry worldwide uses synthetical flocculants...

In order to further study the internal relationship between microscopic pore characteristics and macroscopic mechanical properties of cemented tailings backfill (CTB), in this study, mine ordinary Portland cement (PC32.5) were selected as aggregate cementing materials, respectively, different additives (anionic polyacrylamide (APAM), lime fly ash) added samples with mass concentration 74% cemen...

Si anode is of paramount importance for advanced energy-dense lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the large volume change as well stress generates during its lithiation-delithiation process poses a great challenge to long-term cycling and hindering application. Herein this work, composite binder prepared with soft component, guar gum (GG), rigid linear polymer, anionic polyacrylamide (APAM)....

The influence on impurity removal exerted by the application of flocculants in the phosflotation process has been investigated. A number of cationic flocculants are shown to enhance the removal of colour and starch. The use of flocculants did not influence the turbidity and conductivity ash of the clarified liquor. Changes in filterability and phosphate content of clear liquor resulting from th...