BACKGROUND One of the affecting factors in disturbance process of spermatogenesis is chemotherapeutic-induced oxidative stress resulted from cyclophosphamide (CP) treatment which leads to diminished sperm quality via interference in spermatogenesis process. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to investigate the effects of ethyl pyruvate (EP) in reducing the CP-induced side effects on reproduct...

Ethical disclosures The genus Rhizoctonia DC (1805) has long been studied as an important soilborne pathogen that causes a wide variety of symptoms because it is a non-specialized pathogen3. Rhizoctonia sensu lato is characterized by the lack of conidiogenous cells and this taxon is composed of two groups based on the number of nuclei per cell: the multinucleate group that belongs to Rhizoctoni...

Abstract Soil fauna as ecosystem engineers and biochar play a role in spore modulating of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This study aims to analyze the effect soil dosage on AMF abundance diversity, investigate infection presence maize roots grown modified soil. Sixteen combinations 1.5 kg were tested. The abundance, genus richness, Shannon indices, Simpson indices counted at 4, 6, 8 weeks...

THE function of the pineal organ in man and other mammals is still an enigma, although gradually accumulating evidence suggests a relation to antigonadotrophic activity [3]. The state of uncertainty regarding the functional significance of the pineal organ is at least partly due to the lack of evidence clearly demonstrating secretory activity within the pineal. Previously described pineal paren...

BACKGROUND It is estimated that about 50% of causes of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) cases remain unknown. Sperm factors are suggested to have probable role in cases with RPL. OBJECTIVE The goal was to determine the possible relationship between semen bacterial contaminations with unexplained RPL. Also, the correlation between number of bacterial colony and sperm chromatin condensation was e...

OBJECTIVE This study was performed to evaluate testicular sperm chromatin condensation using aniline blue-eosin (AB-E) staining and its effects on IVF-ET. METHODS Chromatin condensation was analyzed using AB-E staining in 27 cases of testicular sperm extraction. There were 19 cases of obstructive azoospermia (OA) and 8 cases of non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) in IVF-ET. Mature sperm heads w...

background: the particles in the range of 1-100 nm are called nanoparticles56t. gold nanoparticle is one of the most important metal nanoparticles with wide usage56t.objective: 56tthis study investigated the effects of gold nanoparticles on sperm parameters and chromatin structure in mice56t.materials and methods: 56tin this experimental study, 72 male bulb-c mice were divided into 9 groups inc...

Introduction: Skeletal staining is an important part of anatomical studies which can evaluate macroscopic disorders in bones and cartilages development. The aim of the present article is to illustrate two distinct protocols by all details in order to stain skeletal system of the lab animals in all ages of their lives so it becomes easy for future studies in this field. Methods: In this pa...

background: helicobacter pylori, which is associated with many upper gastrointestinal diseases, is found in half of the population of the world. several special stains and immunohistochemistry stain for h. pylori are available. the need for and usefulness of immunohistochemical (ihc) technique has been debated for years. toluidine blue is a simple stain for microbiological studies and is easily...

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of different storage periods and temperatures on pollen viability in vitro vivo plum genotypes ‘Valerija’, ‘?a?anska Lepotica’ ‘Valjevka’. In tested at day 0 (fresh dry pollen) after 3, 6, 9 12 months four (4, ?20, ?80 ?196 °C), distinct temperatures. germination fluorescein diacetate (FDA) staining methods were used test viability, while aniline ...