Health is fundamentally a global issue. Recent outbreaks of Ebola virus disease and Middle East respiratory syndrome have reminded us that global health issues require collective action. The world must unite and countries must establish resilient and sustainable health systems, ensuring that each individual is secure and receives the highest attainable standard of health. Japan has been a longs...

Models of social conflict in animal societies generally assume that within-group conflict reduces the value of a communal resource. For many animals, however, the primary cost of conflict is increased mortality. We develop a simple inclusive fitness model of social conflict that takes this cost into account. We show that longevity substantially reduces the level of within-group conflict, which ...

The Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) was opened for signature on 10 April 1972 and entered into force on 26 March 1975 with the United Kingdom, the United States and the former Soviet Union as the depositary governments. The Convention is to eliminate biological weapons and prohibit their development, production, stockpiling, acquisition and retention. It has 15 articles. The init...

The phenomenon of radicalization is investigated within a mixed population composed of core and sensitive subpopulations. The latest includes first to third generation immigrants. Respective ways of life may be partially incompatible. In case of a conflict core agents behave as inflexible about the issue. In contrast, sensitive agents can decide either to live peacefully adjusting their way of ...

Pacific, which is derived from the Latin pac, means peaceful. [...].