There have been reports of abnormalities in the lumbosacral region involving a lower-than-normal termination of the dural sac, which is caused by disease or anatomical variation. Inadvertent dural puncture or other unexpected complications can occur during caudal epidural block or adhesiolysis in patients with these variations, but only a small number of case reports have described this issue. ...

This study in 2005 evaluated the causes and major anatomical site of blindness and severe visual loss at a school for blind children in Isfahan province, Islamic Republic of Iran. All 211 students were examined according to the modified WHO/PBL eye examination record: 70.4% were blind, 24.3% had severe visual loss and 5.3% were visually impaired. The major causes of abnormality were hereditary ...

background echocardiography is widely used to diagnose or exclude cardiac disease. the reports on reference values based on an asian population are limited. objectives we conducted a study to determine normal values for two-dimensional, m-mode, and doppler echocardiographic measurements and evaluate the relationship between these parameters and age and gender in a large, healthy iranian populat...

INTRODUCTION Appendiceal duplication is a rare anomaly that can manifest as right lower quadrant pain. There are several variations described for this condition. We recommend aggressive operative management should this anatomical variation present in the presence of acute appendicitis. CASE PRESENTATION We report the case of a 15-year-old African American girl who presented to our hospital wi...

The evaluation of pulmonary veins during cross-sectional imaging of the chest and the knowledge of their embryology and anatomy are useful for detecting congenital conditions that may be clinically significant. Moreover, with the spread of cross-sectional imaging it is very frequent to find anatomical variants; therefore the radiologist should easily recognize their appearances. This case repor...

About 5% of spinal injuries occur in children - however the consequences to the society are devastating, all the more so because the cervical spine is more commonly affected. Anatomical differences with adults along with the inherent elasticity of the pediatric spine, makes these injuries a biomechanically separate entity. Hence clinical manifestations are unique, one of which is the Spinal Cor...

Abstract Background Variation of the vertebral artery bifurcation is rare. This branching abnormality can cause unexpected damage and bleeding during thoracoscopic esophagectomy. There are few reports abnormal associated with neurosurgery but none related to We report case together results evaluation length in 50 patients esophageal cancer our hospital. Case presentation Thoracoscopic esophagec...

Developmental anomalies of the inferior vena cava are not infrequent. The majority cause no circulatory disturbance, but a small number result in veno-arterial communications that allow only a short period of postnatal life (Taussig, 1947). Clinical and anatomical details are given below of an unusual case in which termination of the inferior vena cava in the left atrium was the only congenital...

Automatic detection of abnormal anatomies or malformations different structures the human body is a challenging task that could provide support for clinicians in their daily practice. Compared to normative anatomies, there low presence anatomical abnormalities patients, and great variation within make it design deep learning frameworks automatic detection. We propose framework abnormality detec...

BACKGROUND In recent years, the radial artery (RA) has become an alternative vascular access site for percutaneous coronary procedures, and the ulnar artery (UA) is another possibility. The objective of this study was to investigate the anatomy of the forearm arteries with ultrasound (US) and to evaluate the effect of the anatomy of the right RA (RRA) on the outcomes of transradial coronary pro...