Fecal bacteria are considered to be a potential reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes in the aquatic environment and could horizontally transfer these genes to autochthonous bacteria when carried on transferable and/or mobile genetic elements. Such circulation of resistance genes constitutes a latent public health hazard. The aim of this study was to characterize the variable region of th...

N,N-didecyl-N-methyl-poly(oxyethyl) ammonium propionate is a quaternary ammonium compound that is used to disinfect medical devices. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by quaternary ammonium compounds in healthcare workers is an increasingly important issue (1). We report a case of severe allergic contact dermatitis caused by N,N-didecyl-N-methyl-poly(oxyethyl) ammonium propionate ...

The presence of SXT/R391-related integrating conjugative elements (ICEs) in bacterial strains isolated from fish obtained from marine aquaculture environments in 2001 to 2010 in the northwestern Iberian Peninsula was studied. ICEs were detected in 12 strains taxonomically related to Vibrio scophthalmi (3 strains), Vibrio splendidus (5 strains), Vibrio alginolyticus (1 strain), Shewanella haliot...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of 3 rd generation quaternary ammonium compounds and formaldehyde for fumigation of operation theatres. Materials and Methods: Fumigation and fogging of operation theatres by formaldehyde and 3 rd generation quaternary ammonium compounds respectively were done by standard procedures. A total of 144 samples (swabs as well...

Ternary mixtures of Bromocresol Green (BCGH), Benzethonium Chloride (BZ(+)Cl(-)), and Quinine (Q) in dichloromethane (CH(2)Cl(2) for ratios 1:>/=1:>/=1 (BCGH(2):BZ(+)Cl(-):Q) generate species BCGH(-)BZ(+), BZ(+)BCG(-)-H-Q) and BCG(2-) (BZ(+))(2) in chemical equilibrium; whose thermodynamic parameters are determined. A new method to study ternary mixtures in a non-polar solvent has been given an...

BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the prevalence of disinfectant resistance genes (qacA/qacB,qacC) and the aminoglycosides resistance genes [(aac(6')aph(2''),aph(3')-IIIa,ant(4')-Ia)] in both S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains (CoNS) isolated from surgical site infections. MATERIAL AND METHODS Totally, 130 staphylococcal strains isolated from surgical site infections bet...

Endogenous quaternary ammonium compounds are involved in various physiological processes in the central nervous system. In the present study, eleven quaternary ammonium compounds, including acetylcholine, choline, carnitine, acetylcarnitine and seven other acylcarnitines of low polarity, were analyzed from brain extracts using a two dimension capillary liquid chromatography-Fourier transform ma...

This work describes the synthesis of a series of quaternary ammonium salts and the assessment of their in vitro antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity. A preliminary discussion on a structure-activity relationship of the compounds is also included. Three series of quaternary ammonium salts were prepared: (i) halomethylated quaternary ammonium salts (series I); (ii) non-halogenated quaternary...