1. The effects of timolol alone and in combination with a fixed dose of hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride have been studied in a double-blind, controlled study in fifty-four patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. 2. After a 4 weeks placebo period patients were randomly assigned to enter groups receiving timolol alone (group A), hydrochlorothiazide + amiloride (group B) or timolo...

Submucosal cholinergic and noncholinergic neurons in intestines have been shown to be involved in regulating epithelial transport functions, particularly stimulating Cl(-) secretion. This study investigates the role of submucosal cholinergic neurons in regulating electrogenic Na(+) absorption in distal colon. Amiloride-sensitive short-circuit current (I(sc)) and (22)Na(+) flux were measured in ...

Chronic hypoxia results in pulmonary hypertension. To investigate the role of Na+/H+ exchange in this process, we determined the effect of amiloride, a Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor, on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation, both in vivo and in vitro. Sprague-Dawley rats were placed either in a hypobaric, hypoxic chamber (10.5% 02) or under normal 21...

BACKGROUND Slow delayed-rectifier potassium current (IKs) channels, made of the pore-forming KCNQ1 and auxiliary KCNE1 subunits, play a key role in determining action potential duration (APD) in cardiac myocytes. The consequences of drug-induced KCNQ1 splice alteration remain unknown. OBJECTIVE To study the modulation of KCNQ1 alternative splicing by amiloride and the consequent changes in IK...

BACKGROUND The advent of novel treatments such as aerosolized amiloride are potentially useful additions to the therapeutic options available for the treatment of cystic fibrosis. Unfortunately, amiloride and other aerosolized drugs such as antibiotics are generally administered via jet nebulisers which are time consuming to use, and thus limit the acceptance and efficacy of these forms of trea...

The existence of gustatory neuron types has been demonstrated in the chorda tympani nerve and the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) of rats and hamsters through the oral application of amiloride, a sodium channel blocker. At these lower-order levels, amiloride was shown to reduce the response to sodium and lithium salts in sodium- and sugar-oriented cells, while leaving those of acid- and qui...

The effects of amiloride, a reported inhibitor of serum-stimulated sodium influx, were tested on tumor growth, tumor cell proliferation, and intracellular element content of cancer cells in vivo. We have shown previously that cancer cells have high intranuclear levels of sodium compared to those of their normal counterpart cells and have postulated that such a high level of sodium may be involv...

Studies in the last two decades have shown that amiloride-sensitive Na(+) channels play a role in NaCl transduction in rat taste receptors. However, this role is not readily generalized for salt taste transduction in vertebrates, because functional expression of these channels varies across species and also in development in a species. Glossopharyngeal nerve responses to sodium and potassium sa...

Amiloride-insensitive sodium taste transduction is severely limited by large anions (i.e., gluconate). We found that in a brief-access taste test, sodium-depleted rats exhibited similar levels of increased licking to several sodium salts regardless of anion but did not increase licking to nonsodium salts compared with water. The enhanced licking of sodium salts was abolished in the presence of ...

Keep, Richard F., Xiaochen Si, Parvin Shakui, Steven R. Ennis, and A. Lorris Betz. Effect of amiloride analogs on DOCA-salt-induced hypertension in rats. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 45): H2215–H2220, 1999.—Intracerebroventricular infusions of an amiloride analog, benzamil, reduce blood pressure in several rat models of hypertension. This effect has been attributed to an inhibition...