option of defect is one of common options between sale and rent contracts, however, it has special rules and conditions in those contracts. in the sale contracts, any defect in the sold or bought thing causes the victim has option of defect but in the rent contracts, only the defect creates option of defect that causes hardship in using of goods or reducing of benefits. in the sale, defect of s...

the principle of sovereignty of will is taken into consideration in jurisprudence and law as one fundamental, significant principle. one instant of declaring sovereignty of will is the right to cancel the contract through option of condition. that the contracts are subject to the option of condition is easily accepted – though whether this is acceptable with some instants of contracts such as m...

In this paper we derive Fourier transforms for double sided Parisian option contracts. The double sided Parisian option contract is triggered by the stock price process spending some time above an upper level or below some lower level. The double sided Parisian knock-in call contract is the general type of Parisian contract from which all the one-sided contract types follow. We also discuss the...

This paper studies a dynamic equilibrium model of financial innovation with heterogeneous beliefs and competition among sellers of a new security. We show that both volume and price of the security after it is introduced are sensitive to the differing beliefs of participating players. We present conditions for the innovator to continue issuing the new security and for the imitator to enter the ...

We consider a manufacturer selling to a retailer with private demand information arising dynamically over an infinite time horizon. Under a backlogging model, we show that the manufacturer’s optimal dynamic long-term contract takes a simple form: in the first period, based on her private demand forecast, the retailer selects a wholesale price and pays an associated upfront fee, and, from then o...

This paper investigates a portfolio approach to multi-product newsboy problem with budget constraint, in which the procurement strategy for each newsboy product is designed as portfolio contract. A portfolio contract consists of a fixed-price contract and an option contract. We model the problem as a profit-maximization model, and propose an efficient solution procedure after investigating the ...

finally a specific act regarding contracts of the sale of future building ratified in iran, in 89/5/24. this act necessitated getting license for announcement of sale of future, advertisement, ending the construction of the building foundation at the time of the contract, formal contract, specifying the fines for the delay in carrying out the commitments of transferring the gradual possession t...

this research investigates the legal effects of marriage contract provision. through the study of reasons present in the issue, the author concludes that being loyal to the provision is considered as a legal requirement and the one against whom the condition is made can be forced to be faithful. of course in case of violation from the marriage provision, the option of annulment is not proved, w...