The quality of extrusion welding in the extruded hollow shapes is influenced significantly by the pressure and effective stress under which the material is being joined inside the welding chamber. However, extrusion welding was not accounted for in the past by the developers of finite element software packages. In this study, the strength of hollow extrusion profile with seam weld produced at d...

To optimize the tool geometry (Pin profile) and process parameters for the FSW process. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to understand the effect of rotational speed, welding speed and there different pin profiles on the nugget zone formation in AA 6063-T4 aluminum alloy. Three different tool pin profiles (tapered cylindrical, tapered square and square) have been used to f...

Abstract. Aluminum Lithium alloys are recuperating substantial interest from automotive and aerospace industries owing to their extraordinary specific strength as compared conventional aluminum (2xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx) alloys. The goal of the present investigation is study AA 8090 joints produced with unique solid-state welding technique friction stir (FSW). Tool pin profile induces remarkable influe...

We have explored the refractive index changes (RIC) in single-mode aluminum silicate ytterbium-doped optical fibers induced by optical pulses at 980 nm and report dynamical fundamentals of the process. The RIC dynamics is shown to follow the population dynamics of the excited and unexcited ions with a factor proportional to their polarizability difference (PD). The PD dispersion profile indicat...

This study concerns the determination of the significant factors for an innovative deburring process: low pressure abrasive water-jet blasting. We firstly classify the abrasive medium aluminum oxide (Al2O3) according to the individual characteristics of different grain sizes. Then, the particle behavior in the air jet is analyzed with an optical measuring method, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV...

Abstrad-lo simulate general particle motion on the cross-section of a particle laden jetllow by using fractal point sets, a feedback control process is developed to ensurc the validity of nonlinear mapping techniques that transform an original fractal point set into the point set with any desired velocity profile. The points are utrlized to represent quantitatively functional ahrasive particles...

Two optical techniques are experimentally investigated to measure the shock wave velocity and particle velocity in metals subjected to hyper velocity impacts. Fabry-Perot interferometer based optical system has been developed and used to measure the interface velocity profile of impacted Tantalum-Glass and Aluminum-Glass targets. Optical fibers coupled to fast photodiodes are implemented to mea...

Aluminum toxicity in patients with chronic renal failure has been related to renal osteodystrophy and dialysis encephalopathy (DES). The toxicity is associated with renal osteodystrophy in two ways. One association is the iatrogenic effect of excessive use of aluminum hydroxide gels resulting in hypophosphatemia which interferes with bone mineralization. The second association may involve depos...

Aluminum is a ubiquitous element that is released naturally into the environment via volcanic activity and the breakdown of rocks on the earth's surface. Exposure of the general population to aluminum occurs primarily through the consumption of food, antacids, and buffered analgesics. Exposure to aluminum in the general population can also occur through vaccination, since vaccines often contain...

This study evaluated the performance of aluminum-copper alloy filtration, without the original aluminum filter, for dental radiography in terms of x-ray energy spectrum, air kerma rate and image quality. Comparisons of various thicknesses of aluminum-copper alloy in three different percentages were made with aluminum filtration. Tests were conducted on an intra-oral dental x-ray machine and wer...