We investigate how a quantity discount schedule can be used to influence stocking decisions and supply chain performance in single-period interactions between a supplier and buyer(s). In contrast to much of the work that has been done on single-period supply contracts, we assume that there are no interactions between the supplier and the buyer(s) after demand information is revealed. Furthermor...

In contrast to the classical newsboy-style problem, this paper develops a model for the multiple-item budget-constraint newsboy problem considering a reservation policy to meet marketing needs. A discount rate is provided to those customers who are willing to make a reservation. In addition to the demand from the original customers, extra demand is also included in the model due to the motivati...

We study an infinite horizon game in which pairs of players connected in a network are randomly matched to bargain over a unit surplus. Players that reach agreement are replaced by new players at the same positions in the network. We prove that for each discount factor all equilibria are payoff equivalent. The equilibrium payoffs and the set of equilibrium agreement links converge as players be...

Quantity discounts are a useful mechanism for coordination. Here we investigate such discounts from the supplier’s perspective, both from a non-cooperative game-theoretical approach and a joint decision model. Taking into account the price elasticity of demand, this analysis aids a sole supplier in establishing an all-unit quantity discount policy in light of the buyer’s best reaction. The Stac...

In this paper, a nearly real-world multi-product, multi-period inventory control problem under budget constraint is investigated, where shortages in combination with backorders and lost sales are considered for each product. The ordered quantities of products are delivered in batch sizes with a known number of boxes, each containing a pre-specified number of products. Some products are purchase...

– All-unit order frequency discount • 94%-effective policy for a variable base period – Incremental order frequency discount • 94%-effective policy for a fixed base period • 98%-effective policy for a variable base period Introduction • A supply chain is a network of facilities that procure raw materials, transform them into intermediate goods and then final products, and deliver the products t...

The aim of this study was to determine the potential benefits of retrofitting a seat belt reminder device to passenger vehicles in the Australian fleet. The analysis was restricted to vehicles up to ten years of age at the time of retrofitting which were assumed to have at least a driver airbag fitted. While seat belt wearing rates have been observed at around 95% in the front seat, non–wearing...

We study an infinite horizon game in which pairs of players connected in a network are randomly matched to bargain over a unit surplus. Players that reach agreement are replaced by new players at the same positions in the network. We prove that for each discount factor all equilibria are payoff equivalent. The equilibrium payoffs and the set of equilibrium agreement links converge as players be...

It is widely recognized that the economics of distant-future events, like climate change, is critically dependent upon the choice of a discount rate. Unfortunately, it is unclear how to discount distant-future events when the future discount rate itself is unknown. In previous work, an analytically-tractable approach called ‘‘gamma discounting’’ was proposed, which gave a declining discount rat...

background : the present study aimed to provide better insight on methodological issues related to time preference studies, and to estimate private and social discount rates, using a rigorous systematic review and meta-analysis. methods : we searched pubmed, embase and proquest databases in june 2013. all studies had estimated private and social time preference rates for health outcomes through...