to study the effects of integration of mechanical control with herbicides on yield and yield components of soybean (glycine max) a field experiment was conducted during 2003-2004 at the research farm of agronomy department, agriculture campus of tehran university, karaj. a randomized complete block design (rcbd) of 18 treatments was applied, each treatment being replicated 3 times. treatments i...

The herbicides alachlor and maleic hydrazide were evaluated for genotoxicity in peripheral blood human lymphocyte cultures. Sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE), chromosome aberrations (CA) and micronuclei (MN) were scored as genetic endpoints. To detect possible metabolic modifications in the genotoxicity of both herbicides, the cultures for SCE and MN demonstration were also treated with S9 fract...

Raw buffalo milk samples from the agroindustrial zone in upper Egypt were analyzed for the presence of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Five organochlorine pesticides namely, alachlor, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, lindane and methoxychlor and three organophosphorus pesticides chlorpyrifos, malathion, and parathion-methyl were detected in...

Empore disks were used to successfully extract herbicide residues from a difficult-to-analyze surface water source and deionized water. Herbicide recoveries were lower in surface water at 7,14, or 21 days after fortification and storage at 4 degrees C, presumably due to chemical sorption onto precipitated organic particulates. The addition of acid to the samples, as recommended in EPA Method 52...

The results of nine pre-emergence experiments involving fourteen herbicides used alone or in combination are reported. Herbicide effectiveness on sandy and clay soils was compared, and special attention was given to the degree of grass control. Alachlor treatments (Lasso) were consistently satisfactory, with a mixture of alachlor and atrazine (2 kg a.i. + 1 kg a.i./ha) being excellent. Sencor (...

This research investigates the potential of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for the detection and quantification of pesticides in aqueous solution. Standard solutions of Alachlor and Atrazine (ranging in concentration from 1.25 100 ppm) were prepared by dilution in a Methanol/water solvent (1:1 methanol/water (v/v)). Near infrared transmission spectra were obtained in the wavelength region 40...

The Albemarle-Pamlico Estuarine System (APES) is the second largest estuarine system within the mainland of the United States and is estimated to have lost about half of its submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) over the past several decades. The issue of herbicide runoff and subsequent toxic effects to SAV is important because of the extensive agricultural production that occurs in the APES regio...

Solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) was used to analyze two triazine (atrazine and simazine) and three chloroacetamide herbicides (acetochlor, alachlor, and metolachlor) in water samples from a midwest US agricultural drainage ditch for two growing seasons. The effects of salt concentration, sample volume, extraction time, and injection tim...