before an outstanding article in 1999 by richard holton, weakness of will was identified as an agent's action contrary to his or her better judgment, while other better choices are available. the contemporary account of weakness of will (i.e., holton’s theory) explains it in terms of intention. accordingly, weakness of will happens if an agent fails to stick to his or her previously formed inte...

Kant defende que os passos dados pela política devem antes render homenagem à moral. Em À paz perpétua, ele sustenta uma possível alegação amparada nas fraquezas da natureza humana não pode ser aceita para negligenciar o caráter sagrado do direito dos homens. A partir dessa visão, artigo examina, com base na primeira parte de religião nos limites simples razão, tratamento dado filosofia moral a...

Motivationally unconscious (M-unconscious) states are unconscious states that can directly motivate a subject's behavior and whose unconscious character typically results from a form of repression. The basic argument for M-unconscious states claims that they provide the best explanation for some seemingly non-rational behaviors, like akrasia, impulsivity, or apparent self-deception. This basic ...

Extant philosophical accounts of schizophrenic alien thought neglect three clinically signifi cant features of the phenomenon. First, not only thoughts, but also impulses and feelings, are experienced as alien. Second, only a select array of thoughts, impulses, and feelings are experienced as alien. ; ird, empathy with experiences of alienation is possible. I provide an account of disownership ...

By “practical reasoning” I shall understand reasoning about what to do. Doing something includes as the most elementary case (1) the immediate initiation of a change in the agent itself (typically a movement of some part or parts of its body). More complex cases are (2) the immediate initiation of a series of bodily movements and (3) adoption of an intention to initiate a sequence of bodily mov...

R. Jay Wallace There are two tendencies in our thinking about instrumental rationality that do not seem to cohere very well. On the one hand, the instrumental principle—enjoining us to take the means that are necessary relative to our ends—does not seem to apply indifferently to any end that we might be motivated to pursue. There is, for instance, no genuine requirement to take the means that a...

The Epistemic Role of Consciousness (Smithies 2019) develops a theory epistemic justification that gives fundamental role to phenomenal consciousness. book works from the bottom up build this epistemological foundational assumptions in philosophy mind. This précis reverses order presentation: it top down put motivations for foreground. aims advance debate between internalism and externalism epi...

Before an outstanding article in 1999 by Richard Holton, weakness of will was identified as an agent's action contrary to his or her better judgment, while other better choices are available. The contemporary account of weakness of will (i.e., Holton’s theory) explains it in terms of intention. Accordingly, weakness of will happens if an agent fails to stick to his or her previously formed inte...