A pulsed arc heater was designed and manufactured at Centrospazio to equip a new hypersonic high-enthalpy blow-down wind tunnel capable of producing flows with a specific total enthalpy up to 2.5 MJ/kg. The heater mainly consists of two coaxial electrodes, separated by a constrictor, and a plenum chamber. The flow is heated by an electric arc ignited between the electrodes and sustained by the ...

Continuous innovations and modernization has greatly contributed to the development in automobile industry. Automobile has become a huge luxury for everyone in all the countries. All modern automobiles like cars are equipped with air conditioner and heater units. An air conditioner alters the properties of air (temperature and humidity) to more comfortable conditions in building, house or autom...

outdoor experiments on a once-through single glazed solar air heater with perforated metal absorber plate were conducted to determine the practical effect of absorber plate porosity as well as suction air flow rate on the collector thermal efficiency and its total pressure drop. three aluminum absorber plates were made perforated by drilling circular holes with different diameter/pitch ratios i...

It can be very challenging to recover explosives traces from porous surfaces, such as clothing and car seats, compared to non-porous surfaces. The contact heater has been developed as a novel instrument designed to recover explosives traces from porous surfaces. Samples are taken by heating and drawing air across a surface, with the air flowing through a sampling cartridge containing adsorbent ...

the main sources of human exposure to trace metals for non-occupationally exposed individualsare inhalation and ingestion. because the absorption rates of the metals by inhalation are significantly higher (up to 50-60%) than those by ingestion (between 3% and 10%), determination of trace metals in ambient air samples is of special interest. the main purpose of this study was to determine fe, zn...

A simple automatic analytical system, consisting of separate modules, for liquid chromatography has been constructed. The different parts of the automatic machine are an auto sampler, an auto dispenser, a selector valve with eight channels, a heater/cooler, a mixing chamber and a pressure air driven injector valve. The process was controlled by a PC from an easily changeable run protocol. The s...