Hydrocolloids, often called gums that generally contain many hydroxyl groups and may be polyelectrolytes .Foams are colloidal systems in which tiny air bubbles are dispersed in an aqueous continuous phase. Many processed foods consumed daily are liquid or solid foams, such as the head of soft drinks and beer, whipped cream, mousses, meringue, bread and ice cream. The utilization of these gums d...

The stability of air bubbles in fresh concrete can have a profound influence of the potential durability of the system, because excessive losses during placement and consolidation can compromise the ability of the mixture to resist freezing and thawing. The stability of air void systems developed by some air entraining admixtures (AEAs) could be affected by the presence of some polycarboxylate-...

Background Lung is not considered for HIFU ablation so far. By replacing air with saline, therapeutic ultrasound could penetrate parenchyma and reach underlying cancer. Unilateral lung flooding is known for ultrasound guided thoracoscopic surgery. Lung cancer is prevalent in oncology and the most mortal cancer entity, its cure requires operability and results in loss of parenchyma. Whereby we w...

Low-Tension-Foam (LTF) flooding is an emerging enhanced oil recovery technique for low-permeability carbonate reservoirs. Foam capacity closely related to the salinity environment (or, equivalently, phase behavior of oil/water/surfactant system). Therefore, interactions between microemulsion and foam components are primary importance in LTF process. In this study, system under equilibrium analy...

There is a wide range of dressings classified as ‘foam dressings’; however, there can be substantial differences in the chemical makeup of different foam dressings. Sussman (2010) distinguishes foams into two separate groups, those being a ‘true foam’ that draws fluid into air spaces, or ‘pseudo-foam’ that draws in fluid and physically expands as it retains it. True foams contain hydrophilic po...

Producing closed-cell foams is generally cheaper and simpler than open-cell foams. However, the acoustic efficiency of closed-cell foam materials is poor because it is very difficult for the acoustic waves to penetrate the material. A method to remove the membranes closing the cell pores (known as reticulations) and thus to improve the acoustic behavior of closed-cell foam material is presented...

We studied the seated buttock pressure distribution in six paraplegic patients by means of computerized pressure mapping. They were all male and their age ranged from 18 to 48 years old. Their level of paralysis varied from Th5 to L1. Five kinds of wheelchair cushions were studied: an air cushion, a contour cushion, a polyurethane foam cushion, a Cubicushion (which is made of polyurethane foams...

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), Perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) are emitted from a number of end use sectors in which they substitute for ozone-depleting substances. These include refrigeration, air conditioning, aerosol applications, fire suppression, foam blowing, sterilants, and solvents. Emissions of these gases may occur within a year of sale or gradually over several ye...