An efficient protocol of common bean transformation using Agrobacterium tumefaciens is still unavailable. Several regeneration reports are available using cotyledonary node or embryonic axis as the starting explants. These explants were used for direct organogenesis exploiting the meristems for direct shoot production. Attempts were made to transform cotyledonary node explants and embryonic axe...

Plants have elaborate defensive machinery to protect against numerous pathogens and insects. Plant hormones function as modulators of defensive mechanisms to maintain plant resistance to natural enemies. Our recent study suggests that salicylic acid (SA) is the primary phytohormone regulating plant responses to Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection. Tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana Domin.) immune r...

Agrobacterium fumefaciens (Agrobacterium) is a soil phytopathogen that genetically transforms host cells, causing crown gall tumors, an agronomically important disease that affects most dicotyledonous plants. In nature, these tumors are formed at the soil-air junction, the so-called crown of the plant. The Agrobacterium-plant cell interaction is the only known natural example of DNA transport b...

Maize Agrobacterium-mediated transformation efficiency has been greatly improved in recent years. Antioxidants, such as, cysteine, can significantly improve maize transformation frequency through improving the Agrobacterium infection efficiency. However, the mechanism underlying the transformation improvement after cysteine exposure has not been elucidated. In this study, we showed that the add...

Genome sequencing has identified a massive number of uncharacterized genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and several other plant species. To decipher these unknown gene functions, several transient expression assays have been developed as rapid and convenient alternatives to the lengthy creation of transgenic plants. As one of these transient assays, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation harnesses th...

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation is the dominant technology used for the production of genetically modified transgenic plants. Extensive research aimed at understanding and improving the molecular machinery of Agrobacterium responsible for the generation and transport of the bacterial DNA into the host cell has resulted in the establishment of many recombinant Agrobacterium strains...

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is capable to transfer genes across kingdoms. It can genetically transform not only plant cells, but also many other bacterial, algal, fungal, animal and human cells. This depends on the interactions among a variety of both Agrobacterium and host genes. Inside the host cell, RAD52 which is involved in DNA repair is a key gene determining integration of T-DNA by homolog...

Agrobacterium mediated transformation of Vigna sesquipedalis was achieved using cotyledonary node explants prepared from 5 days old seedlings germinated on B5 basal medium, and transformed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA101, carrying the phosphinothricin-N-acetyltransferase gene and neomycin-3-phosphotransferase-II gene as selectable markers and GUS gene as a screenable marker. Gene ...

Nuclear import of transfer DNA (T-DNA) is a central event in Agrobacterium transformation of plant cells and is thought to occur by the hijacking of certain host cell proteins. The T-DNA-associated virulence protein VirE2 mediates this process by binding to the nuclear import machinery via the host cell factor VIP1, whose role in plants has been so far unknown. Here we show that VIP1 is a trans...