from the perspective of new growth models and new international trade theories, both exports and imports play an important role in a dynamic economy. economically, we cannot merely emphasize on a positive trade balance and we ignore the benefits of imports, and also we cannot advise negative trade balance. but the main concern of policy makers about international trade should be making stabilit...

Seaborne shipping is the dominant mode of transport in international trade agricultural products, and an increasing part seaborne carried containers. Furthermore, majority world containers are moved through liner services, that is, regular services provided by global companies which comprise a dense network connecting ports countries around world. Using theoretically consistent gravity equation...

Combining two new datasets on sanctions and agricultural trade implementing step-by-step the latest developments in empirical structural gravity literature, we investigate effects of international products. We find that have been effective impeding trade, while other do not show any significant effects. The complete our sample led to about a 73% decrease between sanctioned sanctioning countries...

export is an important factor in economic development and the creation of regional agreements is one of the ways to facilitate trade and exports; but measuring the success rate of these agreements is one of the challenges of this field. in this study, we compared the factors affecting agricultural exports and imports in the eco and european :union: countries. the purpose of this study was to as...

abstract this study uses gravity model to examine the most important determinants of was agricultural trade. to this aim, import and export statistics of iran agricultural products for the period 1380 to 1387 was provided from iran customs organization and other information was obtained from different internet bases. random effects estimating and hausman test ratio result in fixed effects model...

How large are trade costs in the world’s poorest countries and what are their consequences? I explore this question using a new dataset of monthly prices and production of 6 staple grains from 2003 to 2013 in 230 market catchment areas covering all 42 countries of continental subSaharan Africa. Using a new approach to identify cost parameters when trade and storage are unobserved, I estimate an...