In this paper, we consider the joint optimization of economic manufacturing quantity (EMQ) and preventive maintenance (PM) policy for a production facility subject to deterioration and condition monitoring (CM). Unlike the previous joint models of EMQ and maintenance policy which used traditional maintenance approaches, we propose the proportional hazards model (PHM) to consider CM information ...

INTRODUCTION The health effects on young children of exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) are well described. Recent work suggests that over one quarter of school-aged children in Scotland are regularly exposed to SHS in the home. The study was designed to describe SHS exposure in preschool children whose mothers smoked and identify factors that influence exposure. METHODS Smoking mothers with ...

Across a variety of decision domains, older adults were found to desire fewer choice options than younger adults, but the age trajectory and underlying mechanisms of these effects remain unknown. The present study examined the pattern and correlates of age differences in choice set size preferences using self-report and behavioral measures. Self-reported choice set size preferences were assesse...

OBJECTIVES Few studies have assessed the effects of policies aimed to reduce traffic-related air pollution. The aims of this study were to evaluate the impact, in terms of air quality and health effects, of two low-emission zones established in Rome in the period 2001-2005 and to assess the impact by socioeconomic position (SEP) of the population. METHODS We evaluated the effects of the inter...

The ability to control access to sensitive data in accordance with policy is perhaps the most fundamental security requirement. Despite over four decades of security research, the limited ability for existing access control mechanisms to generically enforce policy persists. While researchers, practitioners and policy makers have specified a large variety of access control policies to address re...

Introduction: Investigation trend of age distribution can be helpful for policymakers to predict the potential challenges of health care systems in order to improve responsibilities to future health needs. Therefore the aim of the present study was to investigate the trend of age distribution in the EMRO region in order to determine future health policy requirements. <str...

Maillard or browning reactions between reducing sugars and protein lead to formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. AGE inhibitors such as aminoguanidine and pyridoxamine (PM) inhibit both the formation of AGEs and development of complications in animal models of diabetes. PM also inhibits the chemical modif...

Aging and lung disease are recognized factors that increase mortality risk in subjects exposed to ambient particulate matter (PM). In an effort to understand the mechanisms of enhanced susceptibility, the present study examined an inbred mouse model of senescence to 1) determine changes in lung permeability as animals approach the end-of-life and 2) characterize age-dependent changes in lung me...

In some companies, corrective maintenance is conducted in-house but preventive maintenance might be outsourced. This raises a need to optimise some parameters such as the number of contracts from a perspective of the equipment owner. This paper considers a maintenance policy for such a situation, analyses the roles of the parameters in a PM model, proposes approaches to defining bonus functions...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Vitamin B(6) plays a pivotal role in brain development and functioning. Differences in vitamin B(6) homeostasis between preterm and term newborn infants have been reported. The authors sought to investigate whether B(6) vitamers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of preterm and term newborn infants are different. METHODS B(6) vitamer concentrations were determined in 69 CSF...