Background: Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a disorder of the elderly with progressive worsening gait and balance, cognition, urinary control which requires assessment using criteria recommended by International iNPH guidelines. Methods: Adult Clinical Research Network (AHCRN) prospective registry data from 5-centers over 50-month interval included entry criteria; demographic...

Abstract Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is a serious complication after surgical treatment of craniopharyngioma. The objective this study to analyze postoperative CSF rates following transsphenoidal resection craniopharyngioma in adult versus pediatric patient populations. PRISMA guidelines were used query the Pubmed, Web Science, and Cochrane databases for studies or patients fro...

The aim of this article is to provide a different perspective to choroid plexus (CP) physiology and pathophysiology from that presented in the recently published review by Spector et al (1). This review with an extensive insight into the relevant literature data had an intention to interpret CP functions focusing on adult humans. The CP is claimed to be the key “organelle” for interpretation an...

The aim of this article is to provide a different perspective to choroid plexus (CP) physiology and pathophysiology from that presented in the recently published review by Spector et al (1). This review with an extensive insight into the relevant literature data had an intention to interpret CP functions focusing on adult humans. The CP is claimed to be the key “organelle” for interpretation an...

We report a case of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis due to Wangiella dermaitidis in an immunocompetent adult man. His cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed pleocytosis with a high eosinophil count but without peripheral blood eosinophilia. The present case suggested that this black yeast-like fungus should be included when the causes of CSF eosinophilia are considered, even though it is an extremely rare...

Complex barriers at the brain's surface, particularly in development, are poorly defined. In the adult, arachnoid blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier separates the fenestrated dural vessels from the CSF by means of a cell layer joined by tight junctions. Outer CSF-brain barrier provides diffusion restriction between brain and subarachnoid CSF through an initial radial glial end feet layer c...

The objective was to assess CSF dynamics of different shunt constructions in patients with adult hydrocephalus syndrome and correlate these findings to clinical outcome, neuroradiology, and the specifications of the shunts provided by the manufacturer. Thirty four patients with idiopathic adult hydrocephalus (normal pressure hydrocephalus) syndrome were included in a prospective, consecutive ca...

This prospective multicenter study examined whether simultaneous administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF; Filgrastim) and induction chemotherapy for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) could prevent treatment-related neutropenia, infections, and resulting treatment delays. Seventy-six patients were randomly assigned to receive either G-CSF (n = 37) or no growth facto...

Fetal hematopoiesis is characterized by expanding erythropoiesis to support a continuously increasing RBC mass. To explore the basis for this anabolic, nonhomeostatic erythropoiesis, the proliferative effect of recombinant hematopoietic growth factors on highly enriched hematopoietic progenitor cells from fetal and adult tissues were compared. Fetal hepatic BFU-E, unlike adult bone marrow (BM) ...

Many proinflammatory cytokines, such as leptin, play key roles in dynamic regulation of energy expenditure and food intake. The present work tested a role for the proinflammatory cytokine GM-CSF. Central but not peripheral administration of GM-CSF to adult rats significantly decreased food intake and body weight for at least 48 hours. Similar results were observed following central administrati...