Macrophages play essential roles in immunity and homeostasis. As professional scavengers, macrophages phagocytose microbes and apoptotic and necrotic cells and take up modified lipoprotein particles. These functions require tightly regulated mechanisms for the processing and disposal of cellular lipids. Under pathological conditions, arterial wall macrophages become foam cells by accumulating l...

Macrophages play essential roles in immunity and homeostasis. As professional scavengers, macrophages phagocytose microbes and apoptotic and necrotic cells and take up modified lipoprotein particles. These functions require tightly regulated mechanisms for the processing and disposal of cellular lipids. Under pathological conditions, arterial wall macrophages become foam cells by accumulating l...

Background:Molecular biology and human medical genetics have introduced several novel biomarkers giving control over vital body functions, of these are transcriptional factors known as peroxisome proliferator activated- receptors “PPARs”. The aim this review is to shed light on available online information published research works about biomarkers. current will try display those findings mainly...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors activated by fatty acids and derivatives. Although PPARalpha mediates the hypolipidemic action of fibrates, PPARgamma is the receptor for the antidiabetic glitazones. PPARalpha is highly expressed in tissues such as liver, muscle, kidney, and heart, where it stimulates the beta-oxidative degradation of fatty acids. PPARga...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Their discovery in the 1990s provided insights into the cellular mechanisms involved in the control of energy homeostasis; the regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis; and the modulation of important biological and patholo...

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. All PPARs heterodimerize with the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and bind to specific regions on the DNA of target genes. The discovery of PPARγ as a target of multimodal insulin sensitizers has attracted remarkable scientific interest and had a great impact on the pharmaceutical industry. Thi...

Schiffrin, Ernesto L. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and cardiovascular remodeling. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 288: H1037–H1043, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00677.2004.—Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors that heterodimerize with the retinoid X receptor and then modulate the function of many target genes. Three PPARs are known: , / , and . ...