The dramatic advances in the operative and perioperative care of children with major forms of congenital heart disease have resulted in excellent shortand medium-term outcomes for the most severe forms of heart disease, including those with so-called single-ventricle physiology. This represents one of the great advances in pediatrics over the last 3 decades. A corollary of these observations is...

Several drugs and toxic substances can cause muscular abnormalities and are frequent causes of acquired myopathies. We present a series of 32 patients, predominance of young adult patients, diagnosed with toxic myopathy. The most common substances inducing myopathy were corticosteroids (56.2%) followed by the propoxyphene, neuroleptics, zidovudine and drug-induced hypokalemia. The investigation...

Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is considered to be the most common acquired muscle disease associated with aging. It is a disabling disorder still without effective treatment. sIBM causes weakness and atrophy of the distal and proximal muscles. Involvement of quadriceps and deep finger flexors are clues to early diagnosis. Dysphagia in the course of the disease is common. Muscle biopsy...

Inclusion body myositis is the most common acquired muscle disease in older individuals, and its prevalence varies among countries and ethnic groups. The aetiology and pathogenesis of sporadic inclusion body myositis are still poorly understood; however genetic factors, ageing, and environmental triggers might all have a role. Unlike other inflammatory myopathies, sporadic inclusion body myosit...

motor units (mus) reflect the function of the central nervous motor system. thus, the estimated mu number is a good option to investigate the functional movement disorder in the parkinson’s disease (pd). the purpose of this study was to compare the estimated mus number in the medial gastrocnemius (mg) muscle of the normal rats and those with the parkinsonism. the mg muscle of two age-matched gr...

Neuromuscular abnormalities culminating in skeletal-muscle weakness occur very commonly in critically ill patients. Intensive-care-unit (ICU) acquired neuromuscular abnormalities are typically divided into 2 discrete classes: polyneuropathy and myopathy. However, it is likely that these 2 entities commonly coexist, with myopathy being the most common cause of weakness. Major risk factors for IC...

Background. As children with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) are living longer, long-term physical sequelae of the disease becoming more pertinent. Muscle strength is known to be adversely affected in adults infected but little about muscle PHIV. Objectives. To determine compared an uninfected control group. Associations between clinical and anthropometric variables were investigated. Methods. ...

purpose: to evaluate the effect of botulinum toxin-a (bta) injection into the inferior oblique (io) muscle in releaving the symptoms of superior oblique (so) palsy. methods: the study was conducted on patients who were referred for acquired so palsy with less than 2 years of duration. about 10-20 unit of bta was injected into the belly of the inferior oblique muscle through the inferotemporal q...

ilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), characterized by left venricular dilation and systolic dysfunction, is the most comon form of heart muscle disease, comprising 60% of the ases of identified cardiomyopathies (1). The disorder is linically heterogeneous, ranging from affected individuals ith clinical presentations of severe symptoms, including eart failure, sudden death, or resuscitated sudden death,...