Although the legal acts of recent years often use concept «ideological extremism», none them contain its definition. The author attempts to describe contents by analyzing both Russian and international legislation on counteracting extremism. It is concluded that definition extremism in fact lacking legislation, following formulated: ideology practice illegal influence bodies power citizens moti...

We analyze a model in which voters are uncertain about the policy preferences of candidates. Two forces a¤ect the probability of electoral success: proximity to the median voter and campaign contributions. First, we show how campaign contributions a¤ect elections. Then we show how the candidates may wish to announce a range of policy preferences, rather than a single point. This strategic ambig...

This paper studies a model of how political parties use resources for campaigning to inform voters. Each party has a predetermined ideology that is drawn from some distribution. To a¤ect the voters the parties use campaigning to inform the voters about the policy of the party. We study a symmetric model with two parties and ...nd that, the farther away parties are from each other (on average), ...

A revolutionary entrepreneur strategically chooses the revolutionary agenda to maximize the likelihood of revolution. Citizens have different preferences and can contribute varying degrees of support. This presents the revolutionary entrepreneur with a tradeoff between extensive and intensive margins of support. We show: (1) Extremists exert a disproportionate influence over the revolutionary a...

This article investigates the impact of the distribution of preferences on equilibrium behavior in conflicts that are modeled as all-pay auctions with identity-dependent externalities. In this context, we define centrists and radicals using a willingness-to-pay criterion that admits preferences more general than a simple ordering on the line. Through a series of examples, we show that substitut...

Many models have been proposed to explain the opinion formation in a group of individuals; most of these models study the opinion propagation as the interaction between nodes/agents in a social network. The opinion formation is a very complex process and a realistic model should also take into account the important feedbacks that the opinions of the agents have on the structure of the social ne...

Modeling the conditions for the emergence of extremism is a very important problem, with clear applications for describing the interaction among individuals. Traditional models either are not suited for the task, as in the case of discrete models, or, like Bounded Confidence models, are built with rules that make opinions tend to a common ground between agents or not change at all. Continuous O...

The article provides a study of the retrospective emergence and formation an understandingof extremism. author refers to etymology very concept “extremism”. term “extremism”originates from Latin word “extremus”, which in translation into Russian means “extreme, excessive”,going beyond established limits norms. Based on etymology, extremism can be interpreted as acommitment extreme views, method...