To use a diffusion model for predicting skin absorption requires accurate estimates of input parameters on model geometry, affinity and transport characteristics. This review summarizes methods to obtain input parameters for diffusion models of skin absorption focusing on partition and diffusion coefficients. These include experimental methods, extrapolation approaches, and correlations that re...

nanotechnology researchers have identified a wide range of nanoparticle applications that may have an important role in medicine and treatment of diseases. due to lack of detailed documentation about the toxicology of zinc oxide (zno) nanoparticles, this study was aimed to evaluate the absorption of zno nanoparticles in hearts of female nmri mice. overall, 20 adult nmri female mice were studied...

1. The study of the effect of bile salts on enhancing calcium absorption in the rachitic chick has been extended to bile salts not present in chick bile, e.g. glycine conjugates and bile alcohol sulphates. 2. Bile and bile salts cause an increase in calcium absorption from sparingly soluble calcium hydrogen phosphate when compared with a suspension of calcium hydrogen phosphate in saline. 3. If...

Absorption of di- and tripeptides from the gastrointestinal tract is accepted as being an important biological phenomenon. The extent to which peptides are absorbed and the nutritional and metabolic significance of peptide absorption remain unclear. Evidence is strong for the existence of multiple peptide transport systems, including one type that is electrogenic in nature and that requires a p...

The effect of moderate exercise on jejunal absorption was examined in seven healthy subjects using a triple lumen perfusion technique. Moderate exercise on a bicycle ergometer significantly reduced net absorption of water from 32.0 (4.0) to 16.2 (6.1) ml/30 cm/50 min (p less than 0.02), sodium from 2.4 (0.4) to 0.5 (0.9) mmol/30 cm/50 cm (p less than 0.05), chloride from 2.0 (0.4) to 0.3 (0.7) ...

Low intensity ultrasound (approximately 10(-6) W cm-2) in the frequency range 0.5-6.0 MHz was employed to investigate the ultrasound absorption properties of doxorubicin (DOX) at several temperatures. At physiological temperatures, we found enhanced ultrasound absorption from DOX, and its closely related analogue daunorubicin (DNR), in the upper kilohertz frequency range. The findings do not co...

This colorimetric method for determination of zinc in seminal liquid is based on the reaction between zinc and 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol in a buffered solution at pH 9.5. It is very simple, fast (approximately equal to 10 min), and economical. It can be used to determine zinc in "whole" semen, seminal plasma, or isolated spermatozoa. We verified its accuracy for sample concentrations up to 0.4...

The study was carried out in rabbits, to see the effect of Septilin, a herbal preparation on the single and multiple dose kinetics of carbamazepine. Single dose treatment of Septilin significantly decreased t 1⁄2a. t 1/2e. AUCo-α of carbamazepine. Steady state Cmax and AUC0-24 of carbamazepine also reduced significantly in comparison to those of control rabbits after 7 days coadministration of ...

A revolution occurred during the last decade in the comprehension of the physiology as well as in the physiopathology of iron metabolism. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent knowledge that has accumulated, allowing a better comprehension of the mechanisms implicated in iron homeostasis. Iron metabolism is very fine tuned. The free molecule is very toxic; therefore, complex reg...

In a recent study" of glucose reabsorption by the kidney it became clear that enzymatic methods of determining glucose in blood and urine produced a picture totally at variance with classical teaching, but traditional results could be obtained with the same material ifthe traditional copper reduction methods of estimation were employed. The major difference lay in the gross underestimation of g...