background: the trematodes of the genus fasciola (the liver flukes) are among the well-known instances of food-borne parasites worldwide. differentiation of fasciola species is important because of their different transmission and epidemio-logical characteristics. the current study was undertaken to discriminate fasciola species in the domestic ruminants of urmia city, iran. methods: adult fluk...

A multiplex PCR-based assay was developed for detection of Salmonella typhi and identification of other salmonella serotypes. Three primer-sets were selected from different genomic sequences, malo2-F/malo2-Ra primers from invasion gene, Parat-s/Parat-as as well as tyv-s/tyv-as primers from O-antigen gene cluster of the genus Salmonella. This method differentiated Salmonella spp., based on size ...

Abstract: Background: Hemiscorpius lepturus is a medically important scorpion found along the Iranian borders, especially near to Khuzestan Province in the south-west of Iran. This is the only non-buthid scorpion which is potentially lethal in southern Iran and is responsible for severe dermonecrotic scorpionism. OBJECTIVES: In this study, DNA fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase ...

Protocol: To detect the 506 polymorphism, a 567 bp SMPD1 genomic fragment is amplified using sense (5'-AGTAGTCGACATGGGCAGGATGTGTGG-3') and antisense (5'-AGTAGTGTCGACTTGCCTGGTTGAACC AC AGC-3') primers. Dot-blot hybridization is performed using allele-specific oligonucleotides for 506-Arg (5'-ACTACTCCAGGAGCTCT-3') and for 506-Gly (5'-ACTACTCCGGGAGCTCT-3'), which are hybridized at 42°C and washed ...

Validated protocols for DNA purification and PCR amplification are reported for detection of Phytophthora cactorum in diseased strawberry plants. To remove PCR inhibitors, necrotic strawberry tissues were soaked in 5% alconox solution for >12 h before DNA extraction, and the extracted genomic DNA was embedded in an agarose gel chamber and subjected to electrophoresis. The purified DNA was ampli...

Bacterial-based systems as live vectors for the delivery of heterologous antigens offer a number of advantages as vaccination strategies. Developments in genetic engineering have given Gram-positive lacticacid bacteria (LAB) the advantage of being used as a host expression system for antigen delivery to inducethe immune response. A fragment containing the full length of the “eprA1” ...

Calpastatin (CAST) is a specific inhibiter of Calpains, playing a role in meat tenderization and myogenesis. In the present study the polymorphism of the CAST gene ofKhalkhali goat in Azerbaijan province in Iran was investigated by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism technique (PCR-RFLP). Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood samples collected from 200 Kh...