This is the first study to report the influence of different cadences on the modulation of supraspinal and spinal excitability during arm cycling. Supraspinal and spinal excitability were assessed using transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex and transmastoid electrical stimulation of the corticospinal tract, respectively. Transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced motor evoked pot...

BACKGROUND Total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is increasingly used for the treatment of advanced elbow conditions to reduce pain and improve function. However, TEA is still associated with a higher complication rate than total hip and knee arthroplasty despite advances in the design and surgical techniques. This prospective clinical study reports the outcome of the Discovery Elbow System (Biomet, W...

Flexor pronator muscles (FPMs) play a key role in stabilizing the elbow joint against valgus forces. However, no studies have investigated the in vivo kinematics of FPMs against these forces on the elbow. This study aimed to clarify the in vivo contribution of each FPM as a dynamic stabilizer in a clinical situation.Twelve healthy volunteers participated in this study. Verbal informed consent w...

Between September 1993 and September 1996, we performed 34 Kudo 5 total elbow replacements in 31 rheumatoid patients. All 22 surviving patients were reviewed at a mean of 11.9 years (10 to 14). Their mean age was 56 years (37 to 78) at the time of operation. All had Larsen grade IV or V rheumatoid changes on X-ray. Nine (three bilateral replacements and six unilateral) had died from unrelated c...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate normal healthy persons without spasticity to observe normal findings of the elbow stretch reflex using a newly developed, portable, hand-driven spasticity-measuring system. METHOD Thirty normal persons without any disease involving the central or peripheral nervous system were enrolled in this study. The portable hand-driven isokinetic system is able to measure the joint...

man who was seen in a direct-access capacity by a physical therapist for a chief complaint of severe left elbow pain following a fall on an outstretched left hand 2 hours prior. At the time of the initial evaluation by the physical therapist, the patient was supporting his left forearm with his right hand in a position of 90° of left elbow flexion. The patient stated that his current resting le...

This study evaluated forearm compartment pressures in 29 children with supracondylar humerus fractures. Pressures were measured before and after reduction in the dorsal, superficial volar, and deep volar compartments at the proximal 1/6th and proximal 1/3rd forearm. Pressures in the deep volar compartment were significantly elevated compared with pressures in other compartments. There were also...

This experiment was designed to know the effect of upper limb postural deviations on grip strength and grip endurance time. A full factorial design of experiment, i.e., 3 (0°, 45°, 90° abduction angles of upper arm) × 3 (45°, 90°, 135° angles of elbow flexion) × 3 (0°, -60° prone, +60° supine angles of forearm rotation) was used to find the effect of 27 combinations of postures on maximum volun...

Background: Olecranon fractures are common upper limb fracture accounting for 40% of the around elbow. Anatomic reduction and restoration joint surface is required good outcome to prevent post-traumatic arthritis. This study was directed towards functional results complications surgical management olecranon treated with hook plate fixation tension band wiring. Methods: prospective comparative d...

background: lateral epicondylitis, also known as tennis elbow, is the most common overuse syndrome of the elbow. the severity of pain may not be directly caused by tendinopathy of wrist extensors since trigger points of the shoulder muscles have a referral zone in the arm and elbow. therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dry needling of shoulder myofascial trigger points ...