BACKGROUND Total mesorectal excision (TME) remains commonplace for T1-2 rectal cancer owing to fear of undertreating a small proportion of patients with node-positive disease. Molecular stratification may predict cancer progression. It could be used to select patients for organ-preserving surgery if specific biomarkers were validated. METHODS Gene methylation was quantified using bisulphite p...

Lumbar epidural blockade has been used in 317 subjects to compare the analgesic properties of the hydrochloride salts of lignocaine and prilocaine in 2 per cent and 3 per cent concentrations, with and without 1/200,000 adrenaline. Prilocaine has a slower onset and spread of analgesia than lignocaine. Duration of action and intensity of motor blockade is greater with plain prilocaine than with p...

an investigation of the incidence of colour defects was made in primary school students. the children ranged in age from 7 to 14 years. the frequencies were 7,04 per cent. for males and 0,53 per cent. for females.

One thousand and forty-two McKee-Farrar prostheses of the present design inserted in Norwich from January 1965 to December 1972 have been reviewed retrospectively to determine the incidence of complications needing revision. Of prostheses implanted for more than two years, 6-6 per cent needed revision for loosening (cup 3-5 per cent; stem 2-2 per cent; both components 0-9 per cent). Of the tota...

CONTENTS I. Introduction: Short and long range interactions 843 II. Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking 844 A. Spontaneous symmetry breaking in phase transitions 844 B. Spontaneous symmetry breaking in field theory 845 III. The BEH Mechanism 846 A. The fate of the Nambu-Goldstone boson and vector boson masses 846 B. The fate of the massive scalar boson 847 C. Fermion masses 848 D. Why is the mechanis...