Sweets for my sweet: The production and isolation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in high yield and purity is demonstrated by using a combination of glucose-fructose isomerization with sweetzyme in wet tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB) and clean fructose dehydration to HMF catalyzed by using HNO₃ under moderate conditions, which allow the reuse of any unreacted glucose and TEAB.

BACKGROUND A previously discovered mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (Adh1p) was shown to enable a unique NADH-dependent reduction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a well-known inhibitor of yeast fermentation. In the present study, site-directed mutagenesis of both native and mutated ADH1 genes was performed in order to identify the key amino acids involved in this sub...

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) as a product of the Maillard reaction is found in many foods. Estimated intakes range between 4 and 30  mg per person and day, while an intake of up to 350  mg can result from, e.g., beverages made from dried plums. In vitro genotoxicity was positive when the metabolic preconditions for the formation of the reactive metabolite 5-sulphoxymethylfurfural were met. H...

The highly efficient and selective production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from sucrose has been achieved in the presence of metal chlorides and ammonium halides under mild conditions. Notably, an 87% yield of HMF from sucrose was obtained with a catalyst system composed of CrCl(3) and NH(4)Br at 100°C for 1.0 h in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solvent. The effect of the reaction temperature...

HPLC methods are described for the determination of furanic compounds (hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural) in enteral formulas prepared with dextrinomaltose and milk proteins, and in model systems enclosing these ingredients. These compounds were extracted in aqueous solution, purified with organic solvents, and separated in a reversed-phase C18 column with water-acetonitrile (95:5 v/v). Averag...

Furan derivatives obtained from renewable biomass resources have the potential to serve as substitutes for the petroleum-based building blocks that are currently used in the production of plastics and fine chemicals. We developed a process for the selective dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) that operates at high fructose concentrations (10 to 50 weight %), achieves high y...

The toxic fermentation inhibitors in lignocellulosic hydrolysates pose significant problems for the production of second-generation biofuels and biochemicals. Among these inhibitors, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) and furfural are specifically notorious. In this study, we describe the complete molecular identification and characterization of the pathway by which Cupriavidus basilensis HMF14 me...

BACKGROUND Furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are the two major inhibitor compounds generated from lignocellulose pretreatment, especially for dilute acid, steam explosion, neutral hot water pretreatment methods. The two inhibitors severely inhibit the cell growth and metabolism of fermenting strains in the consequent bioconversion step. The biodetoxification strain Amorphotheca resinae...

The grafting and sulfation of zirconia conformal monolayers on SBA-15 to create mesoporous catalysts of tunable solid acid/base character is reported. Conformal zirconia and sulfated zirconia (SZ) materials exhibit both Brönsted and Lewis acidity, with the Brönsted/Lewis acid ratio increasing with film thickness and sulfate content. Grafted zirconia films also exhibit amphoteric character, whos...

The process of dehydration of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), using caprolactam-lithium chloride (CPL/LiCl) as a solvent, was investigated. Dual-wavelength ultraviolet spectrophotometry provides a new approach for the determination of glucose conversion rate and yield of HMF. Experiments were performed to demonstrate the accuracy and precision of this method. Various reaction paramete...