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As this issue goes to print, our Journal of Town & City Management celebrates its first birthday. Since June 2010, not much has changed in the world . . . or has it? In our special editorial with views from JTCM’s Editorial Board on international trends in city management, few could have predicted quite what a test the European Union would face in terms of the credibility of its currency with t...

Self-tolerance and tumor-induced peripheral tolerance may be responsible for the limitations of the immune system in controlling tumor growth in cancer patients. It is known, that self-proteins are continuously processed and presented by antigen presenting cells. During development, auto-reactive T cells encountering self peptide/self-MHC complexes are being eliminated in the thymus. This proce...

Maintenance of biochemical gradients, membrane fluidity, and sustained periods of activity are key physiological and behavioral functions of water for animals living in desiccating environments. Water stress may reduce the organism’s ability to maintain these functions and as such, may reduce an organism’s growth. However, few studies have examined this potential effect. The effects of altered ...

For low-rate trellis codes that do not utilize uncoded bits, a new approach to constellation labeling which maximizes the constellation edge proole can provide improved metrics. We investigate the edge proole optimality for 8-QAM and 32-QAM constellations. The labeling structures that achieve the optimal edge prooles for 8-QAM and 32-QAM are presented. Explicit proofs of the optimal edge proole...

Let G be the automorphism group of the four-dimensional cube, a group of order24 . 4 ! = 384. The binary codes associated with the 32-dimensional permutationrepresentation of G on the edges of the cube are investigated. There are about 400 suchcodes, one of which is a [32, 17, 8] code, having twice as many codewords as the[32, 16, 8] extended quadratic residue code. __________<l...