[structure: see text] The structure of ulapualide A (1) has been solved by X-ray crystallography in a complex with G-actin. The stereochemical configuration was assigned as 3S,9S,22S,23R,24S,26S,27S,31R,32R,33R.

Multiple sclerosis is among the most serious inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDD). Interleukin-23A (IL23A) regulates and coordinates the activities of immune cells by interacting with its receptor IL23R and plays key roles in the pathogenesis of immune inflammatory diseases. IDD, deemed to be a kind of autoimmune diseases, may involve IL23A in the pathogenesis. The aim of this work was to ...

Oxidants play a significant role in causing oxidative stress, which underlies the pathogenesis of inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis. The processes associated with inflammatory responses are complex and often involve reactive oxygen species. There are many mediators that initiate and amplify the inflammatory response such as histamine, serotonin and metabolic products of arachidonic acid (th...

background: crohn’s disease (cd) and ulcerative colitis (uc) are two major clinical presentations of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). many novel candidate genes have been found to be associated with increased risk for ibd. recently il-23 receptor gene is identified as an ibd associated gene in genome-wide studies. objective: to ascertain whether rs7517847 and rs1004819 snps in the il-23 recept...

Allergic asthma is a chronic airway disorder characterized by airway inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). A murine model of asthma was used to examine the antiasthmatic effect of inhaled inactived Mycobacterium phlei (M. phlei). AHR, neutrophil levels, eosinophil levels and levels of interleukin (IL)‑17 and IL‑23 receptor (IL‑23R) were monitored. The results...

The SNP (rs11209026, Arg381Gln, R381Q) in the IL-23 receptor (IL23R) confers protection against multiple inflammatory diseases, representing one of the most significant human genetic polymorphisms in inflammatory diseases. We, therefore, investigated the association between IL-23 R R381Q gene polymorphism and asthma. This case-control study was performed on 209 patients, and 200 healthy control...

BACKGROUND Infliximab (IFX), an established therapy for pediatric Crohn disease (CD), is also efficacious in treating psoriasis, a skin disorder, in which tumor necrosis factor-α is implicated pathogenically. Paradoxically, there have been numerous reports of new-onset psoriasis following tumor necrosis factor-α antagonist therapy in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease, but pediatric...

A proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin 23 (IL-23), plays a role in tumor progression by inducing inflammation in the tumor microenvironment, although there is debate about its role in carcinogenesis. Direct effects of IL-23 on tumor cells have been reported rarely, and contradictory effects have been observed. Here, we studied such effects of IL-23 in lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and...

Interleukin (IL)-17 plays a key role in immunity. In acute infections, a rapid IL-17 response must be induced without prior antigen exposure, and γδ T cells are the major initial IL-17 producers. In fact, some γδ T cells make IL-17 within hours after an immune challenge. These cells appear to acquire the ability to respond to IL-1 and IL-23 and to make IL-17 naturally in naïve animals. They are...