IL-23 plays an important role in autoimmune tissue inflammation and induces the generation of not fully characterized effector cells that mediate protection against pathogens. In this paper, we established the essential role of IL-23R in the host response against intracellular pathogens. IL-23 was critical for the expansion or maintenance of gammadelta and double negative (DN) alphabeta T cells...

OBJECTIVE IL-23 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine proposed to be central to the development of autoimmune disease. We investigated whether IL-23, together with the downstream mediator IL-17A, was present and functional in RA in humans. METHODS RA synovial cells were cultured in the presence or absence of antibodies directed against IL-23p19 or -23R and -17. IL-23, -12, -17, and their receptors, ...

The remarkable scientific work on fertility preservation that is documented in the early chapters of this volume will inevitably give rise to moral and religious questions about the use of technology to reproduce. In this regard, oncofertility is no different from other forms of assisted reproduction that have led to extensive debate among ethicists and moral theologians. In the case of many fo...

Background. There is a need in primary care for simple asthma outcome measures that are valid in terms of their relationship with lung function and capable of predicting those patients for whom additional management is indicated. Aim. To assess the predictive validity of a revised asthma morbidity index in United Kingdom (UK) general practice. Method. Morbidity index and peak flow rate data wer...

It is an unfortunate fact of academic life that there is a sharp divide between science and philosophy, with scientists often being openly dismissive of philosophy, and philosophers being equally contemptuous of the naiveté of scientists when it comes to the philosophical underpinnings of their own discipline. In this paper I explore the possibility of reducing the distance between the two side...

Assuming that, given the processes of technology diffusion, adolescent behavior forecasts future consumption of digital information, it would seem pertinent to study the characteristics of teenager technology use. This research asks: What are the key patterns regarding the use of technology platforms by teenagers? Is technology usage among teenagers shaped by schools' disparate teaching philoso...

Today we examine the zig-zag product introduced by Reingold, Vadhan, and Wigder­ son [2] and Capalbo, Reingold, Vadhan, and Wigderson [1]. The product leads to a remarkable constructioon of expander graphs needed in the Spiser-Spielman code. In addition, their works introduce a probabilistic viewpoint of expansion. In previous liter­ ature, the spectral techniques are used to analyze the expans...