Consumer search is clearly costly, but is also tiring. We characterize the intertemporal effects that search fatigue has on oligopoly prices, product proliferation, and consumer assistance (i.e., advice). These effects vary based on whether search is all-or-nothing, fixed sample, or sequential in nature. We perform welfare analysis and highlight the novel empirical implications that our analysi...

Although the gluconeogenesis pathway is already a target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, the potential role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in gluconeogenesis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the physiological functions of miR-214 in gluconeogenesis. The expression of miR-214 was suppressed by glucagon via protein kinase A signaling in primary hepatocytes, and miR-214 was down-regulated in th...

Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the common end point of progressive renal disease. MicroRNA (miR)-214 and miR-21 are upregulated in models of renal injury, but the function of miR-214 in this setting and the effect of its manipulation remain unknown. We assessed the effect of inhibiting miR-214 in an animal model of renal fibrosis. In mice, genetic deletion of miR-214 significantly attenua...

We compared the NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center’s Environmental Research Division (formerly Pacific Fisheries Environmental Laboratory: PFEL) coastal upwelling indices along the northern Baja California coast with those derived from winds measured by coastal meteorological stations and estimated by the QuikSCAT satellite. With the exception of the PFEL series at 33 ̊N, the three data set...

Results: BAI scores (26.6 ± 11.8 vs. 3.4 ± 3.3, p< 0.001) and BDI scores (12.6 ± 4 vs. 3.7 ± 4.5, p< 0.001) were signifi cantly higher in the patient group compared to the controls. P wave dispersion (Pd) [50.0 ± 17.5 miliseconds (ms) vs. 23.4 ± 7.7 ms, p< 0.001] and mean QT dispersion (QTd) (50.5 ± 18.1 ms vs. 28.3 ± 11.4 ms, p< 0.001) signifi cantly increased in the GAD patient group compared...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to function as negative gene regulators. Recently, miRNAs have been shown to regulate immunity processes; however, the mechanism is unclear. The role of microRNA-214 (miR-214) in dendritic cell (DC) maturation has not been investigated. We found that the miR-214 level was correlated with the maturation of DCs and inflammatory cytokine secretion, as depressed miR-214...

More and more miRNAs have been shown to regulate gene expression in the heart and dysregulation of their expression has been linked to cardiovascular diseases including the miR-199a/214 cluster. However, the signature of circulating miR-214 expression and its possible roles during the development of heart failure has been less well studied. In this study, we elucidated the biological and clinic...