Sir, CTX-M enzymes include more than 60 variants belonging to five different clusters (CTX-M-1, CTX-M-2, CTX-M-8, CTX-M-9 and CTX-M-25) according to their amino acid sequence. In recent years, CTX-M enzymes have become the most prevalent extended-spectrum b-lactamases (ESBLs), both in nosocomial and in community settings. Different genetic elements might be involved in the mobilization of blaCT...

OBJECTIVE To investigate CTX-M genotypes among extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) isolated from patients with community-onset and hospital-onset infections in China, their clonality and the distribution of CTX-M variants in different specimens of community-onset and hospital-onset infections. METHODS ESBL-EC isolates were collected from general hospitals from 2...

BACKGROUND The study investigated the presence of CTX-M-15 type extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), compared their genetic arrangements and plasmid types in gram negative isolates of hospital and food origin in north-east India. From September 2013 to April 2014, a total of 252 consecutive, non-duplicate clinical isolates and 88 gram negative food isolates were selected. Phenotypic and mo...

OBJECTIVES To characterize a novel CTX-M chimera, CTX-M-137, from Escherichia coli clinical isolates in China. METHODS Isolates were collected from five hospitals between 22 February 2009 and 20 December 2011. Resistance genes were investigated by PCR. blaCTX-M-137 was cloned and purified for kinetic measurements. Conjugation experiments, S1-PFGE and Southern blotting were performed to study ...

BACKGROUND/AIM The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria, enzyme types, and risk factors affecting colonization. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 576 stool samples from outpatients were examined between October 2012 and May 2013. Screening was done with selective EMB plates. ESBL were detected by doubl...

Enterobacteriaceae-associated blaCTX-M genes have become globally widespread within the past 30 years. Among isolates from Washington State cattle, Escherichia coli strains carrying blaCTX-M (CTX-M E. coli strains) were absent from a set of 2008 isolates but present in a set of isolates from 2011. On 30 Washington State dairy farms sampled in 2012, CTX-M E. coli prevalence was significantly hig...

The isolation of OXA-48-producing Enterobacteriaceae has increased dramatically in Mediterranean countries in the past 10 years, and has recently emerged in Asia. Between January 2012 and May 2014, a total of 760 carbapenem non-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae (CnSKP) isolates were collected during a Taiwan national surveillance. Carbapenemases were detected in 210 CnSKP isolates (27.6%), incl...

5 Abstract Aim: To analyse the occurrence of bla genes (blaIMP, blaVIM, blaGIM, blaSIM, blaSPM, blaPER, blaKPC, and blaOXA) responsible for carbapenemresistance, as well as the presence of cephalosporin-resistance genes (blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV and blaampC ) by polymerase chain reactions (PCRs). Methods: The study was performed on routine samples subjected to culture and antibiotics susceptibi...

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a widespread environmental microorganism (1) that has emerged as a significant opportunistic pathogen (2) due to its intrinsic resistance to almost all available antibiotics. Apart from native -lactamases L1 and L2 (1), acquired extended-spectrum -lactamases (ESBLs) were also identified (3, 4), pointing to S. maltophilia as a potential reservoir. Furthermore, res...