Recent studies have suggested an association between air pollution and stillbirth. In this California study, we examined the records of 13,999 stillbirths and 3,012,270 livebirths occurring between 1999 and 2009. Using a retrospective cohort design and logistic regression models, we calculated the odds of stillbirth associated with each pollutant exposure by trimester and throughout the entire ...

The concentration-response relationship between daily ambient inhalable particle (particulate matter less than or equal to 10 micro m; PM(10)) concentrations and daily mortality typically shows no evidence of a threshold concentration below which no relationship is observed. However, the power to assess a relationship at very low concentrations of PM(10) has been limited in studies to date. The...

Here we report the first experimental detection of the Cs symmetric nitroformyl radical, OCNO(X A00) in a nitrogen–carbon dioxide matrix at 10 K using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The n1 vibrational frequency was observed at 2113 cm . This assignment was confirmed by follow-up experiments using isotopically labeled reactant molecules (N, O, C). To synthesize this radical, w...

aims: tehran’s uncontrolled expansion, which promoted housing, public utilities, industries and increase of vehicles caused the problem of air pollution. necessary information about air quality in different places and different times is the first step of combating the air pollution. the purpose of this study was to investigate the annual, monthly and hourly average of 5 criteria air pollutants ...

OBJECTIVE To review the evidence for the short term association between air pollution and stroke. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, Global Health, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Web of Science searched to January 2014 with no language restrictions. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Studies investiga...

The authors used a case-crossover approach to evaluate the association between ambient air pollution and the rate of hospitalization for congestive heart failure among Medicare recipients (aged > or =65 years) residing in Allegheny County (Pittsburgh area), Pennsylvania, during 1987-1999. They also explored effect modification by age, gender, and specific secondary diagnoses. During follow-up, ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There have been no multicity studies on the acute effects of air pollution on stroke mortality in China. This study was undertaken to examine the associations between daily stroke mortality and outdoor air pollution (particulate matter <10 μm in aerodynamic diameter, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide) in 8 Chinese cities. METHODS We used Poisson regression models wit...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The impact of air pollution on survival after stroke is unknown. We examined the impact of outdoor air pollution on stroke survival by studying a population-based cohort. METHODS All patients who experienced their first-ever stroke between 1995 and 2005 in a geographically defined part of London, where road traffic contributes to spatial variation in air pollution, were...

Excretion of carbon dioxide and L-lactic acid through exhalation and perspiration provides olfactory signals to mosquitoes which allow them to find and bite humans; however, mosquito species differ in this regard. This study investigated upwind responses of Anopheles stephensi, mysorensis form, an important malaria vector in Asia, to carbon dioxide and L-lactic acid under laboratory conditions....

This study compared respirable dust and nanoparticle concentrations measured by different sampling devices at a titanium dioxide pigment factory. Respirable particle mass concentrations, nanoparticle concentrations, particle size distribution and particle metallic content were measured at different sampling locations. The sampling results of the Multi-orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI) sh...