Polyacrylamide (PAM) in furrow irrigation water eliminates 94% of runoff sediment. Higher infiltration (15-50%) can result in upperfield uverirrigation. We hypothesized that PAM would lengthen advance time, but that interactions with flow rate and wheel-track (WT) Ihrrows would occur, influencing erosion and infiltration with potential for improved water management. A 2-yr study conducted on 1....

abstract optimal management of water and nutrient could consider as effective on farm method to reduce pollution because agriculture is none point pollution. in this research, an optimal model was presented to reduce nitrate loss in furrow fertigation. the optimal model contains four simulation models for predicting runoff, deep percolation, nitrate concentration in runoff and nitrate concentra...

Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) movement from Australian sugarcane farms is believed to be a major cause of crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks which have reduced the Great Barrier Reef coral cover by ~21% (1985-2012). We develop a daily model of DIN concentration in runoff based on >200 field monitored runoff events. Runoff DIN concentrations were related to nitrogen fertiliser application r...

The main aim of this research was to determine the potential effects different tillage systems (TT: traditional and RT: reduced tillage) on runoff erosion at two locations (Kahramanmaras Tarsus, Southern Turkey) under (i) fallow, (ii) wheat (Triticumaestivum L.), (iii) sainfoin (Onobrychissativa L.) crops. Rainfall simulations with intensity 120 mm h?1 30-min duration, representing a typical ex...

Little is known about the sediment delivery of single flood events although it has been well known that the sediment delivery ratio at the inter-annual time scale is close to 1 in the Chinese Loess Plateau. This study examined the sediment delivery of single flood events and the influencing factors in a headwater basin of the Loess Plateau, where hyperconcentrated flows are dominant. Data obser...

Reddish fine sediment runoff from upland fields has been one of the causes of coastal environmental pollution in Okinawa, Japan. Planting grass strips is a well-known measure to reduce runoff of nonpoint-source pollutants from agricultural fields. In this study, we investigated the performance of a centipede grass (Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.) strip for reducing sediment runoff from an...

Unpaved roads are believed to be the primary source of terrigenous sediments being delivered to marine ecosystems around the island of St John in the eastern Caribbean. The objectives of this study were to: (1) measure runoff and suspended sediment yields from a road segment; (2) develop and test two event-based runoff and sediment prediction models; and (3) compare the predicted sediment yield...

This study evaluates sediment runoff from gas well development sites in Denton County, Texas. The magnitude of sediment runoff was investigated by intercepting sediment in traps and weirs at the periphery of each gas well site and by measuring the growth of debris lobes that formed down slope from two sites. Four debris lobes formed at one gas well site and one formed at a second site. Debris l...

Grass strips can decrease erosion, trap sediment in silt-laden water flowing downhill, and control nonpoint source pollution. Determining the effects of different parts grass on overland flow will improve our understanding trapping by with structures. Sediment was studied using a 5° slope, 30 L min?1 m?1 rate, 120 g L?1 concentration, aboveground components (complete grass, removed green wither...