Three natural equivalence relations on the in nite state space of a hybrid automaton are language equivalence, simulation equivalence, and bisimulation equivalence. When one of these equivalence relations has a nite quotient, certain model checking and controller synthesis problems are decidable. When bounds on the number of equivalence classes are obtained, bounds on the running times of model...

Hardly any behavioral data are available for the silvery gibbon (Hylobates moloch), an endangered primate that is endemic to the island of Java, Indonesia. We studied the singing behavior of the easternmost population of this species in the Dieng mountains, central Java, in 1998-1999. We aimed to document the timing of singing, quantify the amount of singing by the respective sexes, and explore...

We reviewed all episodes of renal colic from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 1996 in the emergency department of St Anna Hospital, which serves the 150 000 people in the city and suburbs of Ferrara, Italy. Altogether 3410 episodes of renal colic were reported (66.0% (2281) in men). The mean age of the patients was 46 years (SD 16 years). The time (within 30 minutes) when symptoms started could be...

Hybrid systems are digital real-time systems that are embedded in analog environments. Model-checking tools are available for the automatic analysis of linear hybrid automata, whose environment variables are subject to piecewise-constant polyhedral di erential inclusions. In most embedded systems, however, the environment variables have di erential inclusions that vary with the values of the va...

Cross-correlation between 15N-1H dipolar interactions and 1HN chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) gives rise to different relaxation rates of the doublet components of 1H-{15N} peptide backbone amides. Two schemes for quantitative measurement of this effect are described and demonstrated for samples of uniformly 15N-enriched ubiquitin and perdeuterated 15N-enriched HIV-1 protease. The degree of rel...

In normal cells exposed to stress, the central transcription factor NF-kB is activated only transiently, to modulate the activation of downstream immune responses. However, in most cancers, NFkB is abnormally activated constitutively, contributing thus to oncogenesis and tumor progression. Therefore, downregulating NF-kBactivity is an important goal of cancer treatment. In order to control NF-k...

We previously reported that during mouse embryogenesis, plexin D1 (plxnD1) is expressed on neuronal and endothelial cells. Endothelial cells gradually loose plxnD1 expression during development. Here we describe, using in situ hybridization, that endothelial plxnD1 expression is regained during tumor angiogenesis in a mouse model of brain metastasis. Importantly, we found PLXND1 expression also...

We investigated the relationship between electrical alternans and cardiac electrical stability in a series of 20 dog experiments and in a pilot clinical study. Electrical alternans was detected in both the QRS complex and the ST-T wave by use of a novel multidimensional spectral technique. The magnitude of the alternation was expressed as the alternating electrocardiographic morphology index (A...