PURPOSE The use of immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) following total mastectomy (TM) has increased markedly in patients with breast cancer. As the indications for IBR have been broadened and more breast-conserving surgery-eligible patients are undergoing IBR, comparing the oncologic safety between TM only and IBR following TM becomes more difficult. This study aimed to analyze the oncologic...

As many European countries are currently engaged in infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) control programmes, it is widely believed that an Irish IBR eradication scheme will be realised in the very near future. In fact, a growing movement across the EU to eradicate IBR could be a barrier to trade for Irish livestock as, under EU legislation, Member States who have compulsory disease eradicati...

Image-based rendering (IBR) is unique in that it requires computer graphics, computer vision, and image processing to join forces to solve a common goal, namely photorealistic rendering through the use of images. IBR as an area of research has been around for about ten years, and substantial progress has been achieved in effectively capturing, representing, and rendering scenes. In this article...

Image-based rendering (IBR) generates novel views from images instead of 3D models. It can be considered as a process of sampling the light rays in the space and interpolating the ones in novel views. The sampling of IBR is a high-dimensional sampling problem, and is very challenging. This thesis focuses on answering two questions related to IBR sampling, namely how many images are needed for I...

This paper is a report of the performance of a new design of anaerobic bioreactor called the induced-blanket reactor or IBR. The IBR appears to treat high-solids organic matter (manure) effectively in a relatively short time without plugging. A 28 m (7500 gal), heated IBR has been in operation at the Caine Dairy, Utah State University’s dairy farm, since summer 2000. The bioreactor, an upflow-s...

The authors describe a serological survey on the prevalence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) among cattle and buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in three southern states of India. A local isolate of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) from an outbreak of the respiratory form of IBR was used as a source of virus antigen in avidin-biotin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The overall prevalence...

Background By eliminating economic hurdles, the Women's Health and Cancer Rights Act of 1998 represented a paradigm shift in the availability of breast reconstruction. Yet, studies report disparities among Medicare-insured women. These studies do not account for the inherent differences in age and comorbidities between a younger privately insured and an older Medicare population. We examined im...

We present the results of a new estimation of the photodisintegration and propagation of ultrahigh energy cosmic-ray (UHCR) nuclei in intergalactic space. The critical interactions for energy loss and photodisintegration of UHCR nuclei occur with photons of the infrared background radiation (IBR). We have reexamined this problem making use of a new determination of the IBR based on empirical da...

Volume rendering at interactive frame rates remains a challenge, especially with today’s increasingly large datasets. We propose a framework, using concepts from Image-Based Rendering (IBR), that decreases the required framerate for the volume renderer significantly. All the volume renderer needs to supply is a set of renderings at ‘key’ view points, and the IBR renderer will interpolate the in...

We are aiming to use virtual factory (VF) as the user interface of ubiquitous maintenance environment (UME), which enables us to walk through it with the viewpoint of workers, and the constructor can work intuitively to construct the UME. Constructing the VF, it is general to model the facilities in the factory as 3D objects and to locate them in VR space. But it costs very much. We have adopte...