context from the 1970s till the mid 1990s, hepatitis b was the most common etiological factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in pakistan. afterwards, a shift in hcc etiology was observed with a steady rise in hepatitis c virus (hcv) related hcc cases. hcv-3a, which is the most prevalent genotype, is also most frequent in hcv related hcc. there was an increase in the proportion of non-b non-...

conclusions expression of hmgb1 and c-iap2 proteins was associated with hcc development and progression, and the expression of hmgb1 and c-iap2 proteins in hcc were significantly associated with each other. additionally, these proteins may show promise as biomarkers to predict hcc progression. background hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is one of the most important health problems in china. objec...

tetanus is caused by the tetanus neurotoxin (tent), a 150 kda single polypeptide molecule which is cleaved into active two-chain molecules composed of a 50 kda n-terminal light (l) and a 100 kda c-terminal heavy (h) chains. fragment c is further subdivided into two subdomains: the proximal hcn  subdomain and the extreme carboxy subdomain, hcc. hcc is considered as an immunodominant part of tent...

hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is very rare during pregnancy and has a worse prognosis in pregnant women compared to those who are not pregnant. we present a case of hcc in a 41- year-old pregnant patient who was referred to our academic hospital. the patient presented with chief complaints of abdominal pain, jaundice, edema and hypertension. laboratory results were notable for elevated liver e...

metabolome analysis is used to evaluate the characteristics and interactions of low molecular weight metabolites under a specific set of conditions. in cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) and non-alcoholic steatotic hepatitis (nash) the  liver  does not function thoroughly due to long-term damage. unfortunately the early detection of cirrhosis, hcc, na...

conclusions the polymorphism and promoter methylation of rassf1a may be a significant factor in hcc, and can be an indicator for poor prognosis in patients with hcc. background the functional and prognostic significance of ras association domain family 1a gene (rassf1a) on hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) has not been well characterized. objectives this study aimed to investigate the association ...

discrimination of regenerative cirrhotic nodules of the liver (cn) from hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is sometimes difficult. we examined the utility of agnor staining in this context. fifteen cases of hcc and 25 cases of cn were stained by agnor method and the mean agnor number for one hundred nuclei in each case was determined. there was a significant difference between the mean agnor counts...

context hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is a fatal disease. chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) and/or hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection is the major cause of hcc. high viral replication rate and related hepatic/systematic inflammation are the major risk factors in hcc recurrence after hepatectomy or liver transplantation. evidence acquisition some of the carcinogenesis-related hbv mutations are als...