This study presents a novel problem called green travelling salesman problem (GTSP), an extension of the classical travelling salesman problem (TSP). Proposed GTSP considers not just for the route distance, also accounts emitted CO2, consumed fuel, travelling times/speed and their costs with a more comprehensive objective function. The aim of this study is to shed light on the trade-offs betwee...

We present a library of implemented HPSG analyses for argument optionality based on typological studies of this phenomenon in the world’s languages, developed in the context of a grammar customization system that pairs a crosslinguistic core grammar with extensions for non-universal phenomena on the basis of user input of typological properties. Our analyses are compatible with multiple interse...

A caged rhodamine 110 derivative for the specific labeling of SNAP-tag fusion proteins is introduced. The caged rhodamine 110 derivative permits the labeling of cell surface proteins in living cells and of intracellular proteins in fixed cells. The probe requires only a single caging group to maintain the fluorophore in a non-fluorescent state and becomes highly fluorescent after uncaging. The ...

W ith an ever-declining number of papers written in languages other than English, the idiom of Shakespeare is, today more than ever before, the international language of science [1,2]. In 2014, according to PubMed’s language filter, 95.4% of life science publications retrieved by the search engine were written in English, in line with the trend of the last several decades [1,2]. Today, among th...

After an acute central nervous system injury, axonal regeneration is limited as the result of a lack of neuronal intrinsic competence and the presence of extrinsic inhibitory signals. The injury fragments the myelin neuronal insulating layer, releasing extrinsic inhibitory molecules to signal through the neuronal membrane-bound Nogo receptor (NgR) complex. In this paper, we show that a neuronal...

Web query optimization is the focus of recent research and development efforts. To fetch the required information, the users are using search engines and sometimes through the website interfaces. One approach is search engine optimization which is used by the website developers to popularize their website through the search engine results. Clustering is a main task of explorative data mining pr...