Thin film Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells with ALD-deposited Zn1–xSnxOy buffer layers are fabricated and the solar cell properties are investigated for varying ALD deposition temperatures in the range from 90 °C up to 180 °C. It is found that a process window exists between 105 °C and 135 °C, where high solar cell efficiency can be achieved. At lower ALD deposition temperatures the solar cell performa...

Zn1-x Ni x O (x = 0.03 ÷ 0.10) and Zn1-x Fe x O (x = 0.03 ÷ 0.15) thin films were synthesized by sol-gel method. The structure and the surface morphology of zinc oxide thin films doped with transition metal (TM) ions have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The magnetic studies were done using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) at room temperature. E...

A narrow region of Zn-vacancy-containing cubic perovskites was formed in the (1-x)Ba3(ZnNb2)O9-x)Ba3W2O9 system up to 2 mol%substitution (x=0.02). The introduction of cation vacancies enhanced the stability of the 1:2 B-site ordered form of the structure, Ba(Zn1-x-x)1/3(Nb1-xWx)2/ 3O3, which underwent an order–disorder transition at 1410°C, ∼35° higher than pure Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3. The Zn vacanci...

Rpb9, a nonessential subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II), has multiple transcription-related functions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, including transcription elongation and transcription-coupled repair (TCR). Here we show that, in response to UV radiation, Rpb9 also functions in promoting ubiquitylation and degradation of Rpb1, the largest subunit of Pol II. This function of Rpb9 is not affecte...

سابقه و هدف: سلامت خاک از مولفه ‏های اصلی در دستیابی به سامانه ‏‏های کشاورزی پایدار بوده که شدت تحت تاثیر عملیات زراعی مانند خاکورزی قرار می ‏گیرد. را توان با استفاده پارامترهای فیزیکی، شیمیایی بیولوژیکی قالب الگوریتم‏ های مشخص کمّی کرد. نتیجه، بررسی وضعیت کیفی باروری مدیریتی مختلف زمین جهت استقرار مناسب برای تولید بهینه نظام‌های امری ضروری می‏ باشد. چارچوب ارزیابی مدیریت SMAF 1 عنوان ابزاری قدر...

The hexagonal perovskite, Ba8ZnTa6O24, was prepared in single-phase form and was found to be a stable secondary phase, formed as a result of the loss of ZnO from Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3 microwave dielectrics. The experimental and calculated X-ray patterns of Ba8ZnTa6O24 indicate it is isostructural with Ba8Ta6NiO24 with an 8H (cchc)2 close-packed BaO3 stacking sequence and the lattice parameters, a=10...