Peirce wrote: Thus, in brief, my philosophy may be described as the attempt of a physicist to make such conjecture as to the constitution of the universe as the methods of science may permit, with the aid of all that has been done by previous philosophers... Demonstrative proof is not to be thought of. The demonstrations of metaphysicians are all moonshine. The best that can be done is to suppl...

Charles S. Peirce argued that, besides deduction and induction, there is a third mode of inference which he called "hypothesis" or "abduction". He characterized abduction as reasoning "from effect to cause", and as "the operation of adopting an explanatory hypothesis". Peirce's ideas about abduction, which are related also to historically earlier accounts of heuristic reasoning (the method of a...

این پژوهش با الهام گرفتن از نتایج یک طرح مطالعاتی کاربردی، رویکرد سلسله­‌مراتبی جهت پیگیری فرایند توسعه تأمین‌کنندگان و حمایت تصمیمات موجود در هر مراحل آن ارائه‌ می‌کند. ابتدا، زمینه‌های تأمین نیازمند سپس واجد شرایط هریک زمینه‌ها به کمک تصمیم‌گیری چندشاخصه بهترین-بدترین مشخص می‌گردند. معیارهای شناسایی نیز مرور مطالعات پیشین بهره‌گیری نظرات خبرگان حوزه‌ی خرید استخراج‌شده‌اند. درنهایت، مدل ریاضی ...

Peirce believed that his pragmaticism can be conclusively proven. Beginning in 1903, he drafted several attempts, ending by 1908 with a semeiotic proof. Around 1905, he exposes the proof using the theory of Existential Graphs (EGs). This paper modernises the semantics Peirce proposed for EGs in terms of game-theoretic semantics (GTS). Peirce’s 1905 proof is then reconstructed in three parts, by...

Peirce developed an analysis of reality that defined reality – all forms of reality, whether chemical, biological or social as existing in Signs. A sign is a spatiotemporal reality, material or conceptual, that exists in relations with other signs, as in “I use the word “Sign” in the widest sense for any medium for the communication or extension of a From (or feature). Being medium, it is deter...