Ethambutol (EMB) is a first-line antituberculosis drug; however, drug resistance to EMB has been increasing. Molecular drug susceptibility testing (DST), based on the embB gene, has recently been used for rapid identification of EMB resistance. The aim of this meta-analysis was to establish the accuracy of molecular assay for detecting drug resistance to EMB. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science ...

To investigate the specificity of an inducible hemolymph bactericidin, West Indian spiny lobsters were immunized with a variety of antigens. Bactericidal assays were conducted with strain EMB-1, a gram-negative bacillus isolated from normal lobster intestine. Animals given saline solution with or without 0.3% Formalin exhibited only a slight response similar to sham controls. Injections of type...

This paper presents a robust H∞ optimal control design for an automotive electromechanical brake (EMB). The design considers parametric uncertainty, unmodelled dynamics and the need for robust stability and performance. The capacity of a robust EMB control to manage uncertainty and performance is assessed and experimental and simulation results are presented. The tradeoffs involved in meeting a...

Let M and N be smooth manifolds without boundary. Immersion theory suggests that an understanding of the space of smooth embeddings emb(M,N) should come from an analysis of the cofunctor V 7→ emb(V,N) from the poset O of open subsets of M to spaces. We therefore abstract some of the properties of this cofunctor, and develop a suitable calculus of such cofunctors, Goodwillie style, with Taylor s...

Neuroserpin (NS) is a serpin inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in the brain. The polymerisation of NS pathologic mutants is responsible for a genetic dementia known as familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies (FENIB). So far, a pharmacological treatment of FENIB, i.e. an inhibitor of NS polymerisation, remains an unmet challenge. Here, we present a biophysical cha...

The role of endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) in the diagnosis and treatment of adult and pediatric cardiovascular disease remains controversial, and the practice varies widely even among cardiovascular centers of excellence. A need for EMB exists because specific myocardial disorders that have unique prognoses and treatment are seldom diagnosed by noninvasive testing.1 Informed clinical decision mak...

The role of endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) in the diagnosis and treatment of adult and pediatric cardiovascular disease remains controversial, and the practice varies widely even among cardiovascular centers of excellence. A need for EMB exists because specific myocardial disorders that have unique prognoses and treatment are seldom diagnosed by noninvasive testing (1). Informed clinical decision ...

Given that Mandarin is a tone language and English is not, the present study investigated the perception of Mandarin tones in young school-aged children with or without tone language exposure. Mandarin Monolingual (MM), English-Mandarin Bilingual (EMB) and English Monolingual (EM) children aged 6 to 8 years participated in tone identification and discrimination tasks. Tone identification and di...

The sel-6 gene was previously identified in a screen for suppressors of the egg-laying defect associated with hypermorphic alleles of lin-12 (Tax et al. 1997). Here we show that sel-6 and two other previously defined genes, mal-2 and emb-4, are the same gene, now called "emb-4." We perform a genetic and molecular characterization of emb-4 and show that it functions cell autonomously as a positi...

BACKGROUND There is no consensus on the impact of preoperative embolization (EMB) on the surgical outcomes of carotid body tumor (CBT) resections. METHODS A systematic review and a meta-analysis were conducted to clarify the role of preoperative EMB in patients undergoing surgical removal of CBTs. RESULTS Fifteen studies with a total number of 470 patients met the inclusion criteria. The re...