The use of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 as an antiproliferative agent in the treatment of cancer is limited by its hypercalcemic effects. Analogues with equivalent or greater antiproliferative activities but smaller hypercalcemic effects have been developed. The antiproliferative effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and four analogues were studied in HT-29 and SW620 human colon cancer cell lines, mo...

BACKGROUND Diarylheptanoid (D3) isolated from the medicinal plant, Curcuma comosa, has estrogenic activity. OBJECTIVE We aimed to elucidate the mechanism(s) of D3 action and compare it with that of 17β-estradiol (E2) using both in vitro and in vivo uterine models. METHODS We used human uterine (Ishikawa) cells to determine the estrogenic action of D3 on the activation and nuclear translocat...

1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25-D3) has significant antitumor effects in the murine squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) tumor model in vitro and in vivo. We investigated the basis for this antiproliferative activity and found that, in vitro, 1,25-D3 administration is associated with altered expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins, treatment results in retinoblastoma dephosphorylation, decrea...

Copyright: © 2013 Li W. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol, D3) is one of the most important forms of vitamin D in human health [1-4]. There are two sources for human b...

Antioxidative mechanisms of vitamin D3 were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. A 4-h incubation of brain homogenates at 37 degrees C increased the formation of Schiff base fluorescent products of malonaldehyde, an indicator of lipid peroxidation. Incubation with vitamin D3 dose-dependently suppressed auto-oxidation. The antioxidative potency for inhibiting zinc-induced lipid peroxidation was ...

Examination of dopamine-D3 (D3) receptors with positron emission tomography (PET) have been hampered in the past by the lack of a PET ligand with sufficient selectivity for D3 over dopamine-D2 (D2) receptors. The two types co-localize in the brain, with D2 density significantly higher than D3, hence nonselective PET ligands inform on D2, rather than D3 status. [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO is a novel PET li...

The cDNA for the dopamine D3 receptor was isolated and characterized in 1990. Subsequent studies have indicated that D3 receptors, as well as D3 receptor mRNA, are primarily localized in limbic regions in mammals. This finding led to the postulate that D3 receptors may be involved in drug dependence and addiction. However, this hypothesis has been difficult to test due to the lack of compounds ...

Background & Aims: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) comprises 25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D2. Although sex differences in 25(OH)D levels have been reported, it remains unclear whether the difference lies profiles of 25(OH)D. We determined serum 25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (3-epi-25(OH)D3), (24R)-24,25-dihydroxyvitamin (24,25(OH)2D3) measured by LC-MS/MS healthy adults not consuming...