It is well appreciated that the evolutionary divergence of genes and genomes from a common ancestor ultimately leads to incompatibilities if those genomes are hybridized. Far less is known about the ability and nature of compensatory evolution to yield the recovery of function in hybrid genomes. Here the major capsid gene of the bacteriophage T7 (40-kb dsDNA) was replaced with the homologous ge...

PURPOSE Detection of the virulence gene is a key component in determining the pathogenicity of any isolates, because these genes act multi-functionally and multi-factorially. A gyrase specific gene primer, in combination with the PCR technology, allows the precise detection of the DNA gyrase subunit B2 gene (gyr-B-2) from different virulent microorganisms. In the present study, forward and reve...

The title compound, K11[α-Pt(μ3-OH)2(μ3-OH0.5)Mo6(μ3-O)3(μ2-O)6O12]2·12H2O (simplified chemical formula K11[H2.5PtMo6O24]2·12H2O), containing the well-known Anderson-type heteropolyoxomolybdate anion, was obtained by hydro-thermal reaction at pH = ca 6.0. The complete polyanion dimer has 2/m symmetry. The locations of the H atoms with respect to protonated O atoms were obtained from difference ...

UNLABELLED Marek's disease virus 1 (MDV-1), an oncogenic α-herpesvirus that induces T-cell lymphomas in chickens, serves as model system to study transformation by lymphotropic herpesviruses. Like the oncogenic human γ-herpesviruses Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), MDV-1 encodes several viral microRNAs (miRNAs). One MDV-1 miRNA, miR-M4, shares the sam...

There are two classes of liquid crystals (LCs): Thermotropic LCs where the organic molecule represents anisotropically shaped mesogen and lyotropic LCs, mesogens non-spherical supramolecular assemblies dispersed in a solvent. Various kinds nematic (LLCs) exist, differing shape composition aggregates: Chromonic, polymeric or micellar LLCs.However, LLCs most ubiquitous kind LLCs, occurring soaps ...