The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of pretreatment of ethanol (EtOH) and phenobarbital (PB), which are known to affect the metabolism of xenobiotics, in the formation of hemoglobin adducts in rats administered with benzidine (BZ) and Direct Black 38 (DB38). The experimental rats were divided into BZ and DB38 groups; each group was subdivided into control, EtOH, and PB group...

Chagas disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in Latin America but no vaccines or safe chemotherapeutic agents are available. Combined therapy is envisioned as an ideal approach since it may enhance efficacy by acting upon different cellular targets, may reduce toxicity and minimize the risk of drug resistance. Therefore, we investigated the activit...

background: the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical and ‎electrocardiographic (ecg) manifestations of benzodiazepines (bzs).‎ methods: in this retrospective study, all bz-poisoned patients hospitalized at loghman ‎hakim hospital between september 2010 and march 2011 were evaluated. patients’ ‎information including age, sex, time elapsed between the ingestion and presentat...

Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, involves immunomediated processes. Canova (CA) is a homeopathic treatment indicated in the diseases in which the immune system is depressed. This study evaluated the Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profile of T. cruzi under the influence of CA and Benznidazole (BZ). Mice infected with the genetic lineage of T. cruzi II (Y...

Benzodiazepines (BZs) acting as modulators of GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)Rs) are an important group of drugs for the treatment of anxiety disorders. However, a large inter-individual variation in BZ sensitivity occurs in the human population with some anxiety disorder patients exhibiting diminished sensitivity to BZ and reduced density of GABA(A)Rs. The mechanism underlying BZ treatment resistan...

OBJECTIVES Contractile function in the normally perfused infarct borderzone (BZ) is depressed. However, the impact of reduced BZ contractility on left ventricular (LV) pump function is unknown. As a consequence, there have been no therapies specifically designed to improve BZ contractility. We tested the hypothesis that an improvement in borderzone contractility will improve LV pump function. ...

The first investigation of the central-type benzodiazepine (BZ) receptor density before and following 2 months successful treatment with carbamazepine (CBZ) in a patient with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) using 123I-labelled Iomazenil (a specific lipophile central BZ receptor compound) and single photon emission tomography (SPET) is reported. First, a focal slowing of the EEG in the left tempora...

Benznidazole (Bz) exhibits toxic side effects in animal studies and clinical use. Reductive metabolism of Bz in liver microsomes modulates the duration of its chemotherapeutic effect and its toxicity. The rate of this metabolism depends on age and is less intense in newborns and youngsters than in adults. In the present study, we determined Bz blood levels in rats of different ages that receive...