The Benefits of Being Economics Professor A (and not Z) Alphabetic name ordering on multi-authored academic papers, which is the convention in the economics discipline and various other disciplines, is to the advantage of people whose last name initials are placed early in the alphabet. As it turns out, Professor A, who has been a first author more often than Professor Z, will have published mo...

Graduate economic programmes in Latin America have evolved along the lines of two different traditions: one closely linked to the current economic mainstream (being in that sense ‘global’) and the other more local and heterodox. This paper provides an overview of perceptions, interests, concerns and opinions of global Latin American graduate economic programmes, comparing them with similar prog...

Previous self-harm is a major predictor of non-fatal repetition and subsequent suicide. Owens et al (pp. 193–199), in a systematic review, estimate the rates of these outcomes following self-harm and find the link between self-harm and suicide to be a strong one. Non-fatal repetition occurred in around 15% of people in the year after an attempt, with up to 2% committing suicide over this time. ...

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-carrying Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cells are relatively or completely resistant to the lytic effect of major histocompatibility complex class I HLA antigen-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) generated by stimulating lymphocytes of EBV-seropositive donors with the autologous EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL). We previously found that EBV-negative and EBV-...

Histone deacetylase (HDAC)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) dual inhibition is a promising strategy for the treatment of intractable cancers because of the advantages of overcoming potential resistance and showing synergistic effects. Therefore, development of an HDAC/PI3K dual inhibitor is reasonably attractive. Romidepsin (FK228, depsipeptide) is a potent HDAC inhibitor. We previously rep...

We have investigated the reactivity to two human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) A11-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes derived from amino acids 416-424 (IVTDFSVIK, designated IVT) and 399-408 (AVFDRKSVAK, designated AVF) of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen (EBNA) 4. A strong predominance of CTL clones specific for the IVT epitope was demonstrated in polyclo...

An individual's CD8(+)-cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent cycle antigens focuses on a small number of immunodominant epitopes often presented by just one of the available HLA class I alleles; for example, HLA-A11-positive Caucasians frequently respond to two immunodominant HLA A11 epitopes, IVTDFSVIK (IVT) and AVFDRKSDAK (AVF), within the nuclear antigen EB...

The antigen (phenotype), gene (allele) and haplotype frequencies of HLA class I were analysed in 4,622 Koreans. With allele frequencies of over 0.05, the most frequent HLA-A,-B and -C antigens were A2, A24, A33, A11, A26, A31; B62, B51, B44, B54, B61, B35, B58, B60; Cw3, Cw1, Cw4, Cw7. Of these A2, A24, Cw1 and Cw3 were present in very high frequencies, respectively (0.3211, 0.2200, 0.2204, and...

Homeoproteins are functionally involved in pattern formation of developing systems and are potentially good candidates to regulate positional information during limb regeneration in the newt. Here we report the molecular structure of Hox A11 and its pattern of expression during the regeneration of adult newt appendages. The transcriptional unit of the gene is composed of two exons separated by ...