Associations of neurological impairment with mutations in the thyroid hormone (TH) transporter, MCT8, and with maternal hypothyroxinaemia, suggest that THs are crucial for human fetal brain development. It has been postulated that TH transporters regulate the cellular supply of THs within the fetal brain during development. This study describes the expression of TH transporters in the human fet...

The link between off-target anticholinergic effects of medications and acute cognitive impairment in older adults requires urgent investigation. We aimed to determine whether a relevant in vitro model may aid the identification of anticholinergic responses to drugs and the prediction of anticholinergic risk during polypharmacy. In this preliminary study we employed a co-culture of human-derived...

Inheritance of one of three primary mutations at positions 11778, 3460 or 14484 of the mitochondrial genome in subunits of Complex I causes Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), a specific degeneration of the optic nerve, resulting in bilateral blindness. It has been unclear why inheritance of a systemic mitochondrial mutation would result in a specific neurodegeneration. To address the n...

To examine the role of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax1 in the development of neurological disease, we studied the effects of extracellular Tax1 on gene expression in NT2-N cells, postmitotic cells that share morphologic, phenotypic, and functional features with mature human primary neurons. Treatment with soluble HTLV-1 Tax1 resulted in the induction of tumor necrosis factor alp...

SOX2, a universal marker of pluripotent stem cells, is a transcription factor that helps control embryonic development in vertebrates; its expression persists in neural stem/progenitor cells into adulthood. Considering the critical role of the SOX2 transcription factor in the regulation of genes required for self-renewal and pluripotency of stem cells, we developed and characterized SOX2-o...

phenotypes of human model neurons (NT2) after differentiation in aggregate culture.

BACKGROUND Barbiturates have been shown to be neuroprotective in several animal models, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In this study, the authors investigated the effect of barbiturates on free radical scavenging and attempted to correlate this with their neuroprotective effects in a model of hypoxic cell death in human NT2-N neurons. METHODS Hydroxyl radicals were generated by as...

هدف: ناباروری یک بحران زندگی است که بیماران را در سراسر جهان تحت تاثیر قرار می دهد، به عنوان عدم موفقیت بارداری پس از 12 ماه فعالیت جنسی تعریف شود 15 تا 17 درصد زوج ها تأثیر دهد و حدود 50 آنها عوامل زنان مربوط شود. فعال کردن روند تقسیم میوز اووسیت بلوغ آن اهداف مهم درمانی محققین علوم بوده است. امروزه القا رشد تکامل خارج بدن یکی روش هایی فنّاوری کمکی تولیدمثل کار گرفته مغز استخوان اندام پیچیده ای...