OBJECTIVE To study the microbial characteristics of patients with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and the possible impact of an intrauterine device (IUD) on the microbial environment in women presenting with PID. METHODS Case-control study, investigating 51 women with acute PID and 50 healthy women. Endocervical specimens for microbiological investigation were obtained at gynaecological exa...

OBJECTIVES To compare rates of unintended pregnancy, method continuation and reasons for removal among women using the 52-mg levonorgestrel (daily release 20 microg) levonorgestrel IUD (LNG-IUD) or the copper T 380A (TCu380A) intrauterine device. STUDY DESIGN This was an open-label 7-year randomized controlled trial in 20 centres, 11 of which in China. Data on 1884 women with interval inserti...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) that are located abnormally within the myometrium or cervix cause a higher incidence of pelvic pain and abnormal bleeding compared with normally positioned devices. METHODS Over a period of 9 months, all patients with an IUD presenting at our unit for two-dimensional pelvic ultrasound underwent a three-dimensional (3D) v...

BACKGROUND Between 2001 and 2006, IUD use in Uganda stagnated at 0.2% among women of reproductive age (WRA) ages 15-49. By 2011, IUD use had increased slightly to 0.4%. Recent studies report a significant increase in IUD use to 3.8%, but it is still low. Because the IUD is a little-used method in Uganda, we assessed the acceptability of the IUD by surveying women about their perceptions, attitu...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria in women who use intrauterine devices (IUDs) as a contraceptive method with subjects who use tubal ligation (TL). MATERIALS AND METHODS A cohort study was conducted on women who were candidates for IUD insertion or TL (control). The patients were followed for 3 months, and urine cultures were assessed ...

BACKGROUND This study was conducted to identify the risk factors for intrauterine device (IUD) failure. METHODS A retrospective case-control study was carried out between 1999 and 2002. Cases (women with an IUD and a confirmed pregnancy) and controls (women with an IUD and who were not pregnant) were recruited by gynaecologists. An anonymous questionnaire was filled in during the consultation...

Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 2004: 30(1) What is intrauterine contraception? This Guidance provides recommendations and good practice points regarding the use of a copper intrauterine device for long-term contraception, the accepted abbreviation for which is IUD. The use of an IUD as emergency contraception (EC) was covered in previous Guidance.1 The IUD is a safe and...

BACKGROUND Long-acting reversible contraceptives, such as the intrauterine device (IUD), remain underutilised in Pakistan with high discontinuation rates. Based on a 24-month prospective client follow-up (nested within a larger quasi-experimental study), this paper presents the comparison of two intervention models, one using private mid-level providers branded as "Suraj" and the other using co...