Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 produces the phytotoxin coronatine, a major determinant of the leaf chlorosis associated with DC3000 pathogenesis. The DC3000 PSPTO4723 (cmaL) gene is located in a genomic region encoding type III effectors; however, it promotes chlorosis in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana in a manner independent of type III secretion. Coronatine is produced by the l...

Adaptive blind equalization has gained widespread use in communication systems that operate without training signals. In particular, the Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA) has become a favorite of practitioners due to its LMS-like complexity and desirable robustness properties. The desire for further reduction in computational complexity has motivated signed-error versions of CMA, which have been...

In a group of Thai patients with P. falciparum acute malaria, circulating malarial antigens (CMA) were detected in 27/33 cerebral malaria (CM) cases and 31/43 noncerebral cases. Delayed cutaneous responses to phytohemagglutinin and candidin were found frequently negative in patients with CMA, especially in the CM group. Mean in vitro lymphocyte proliferative responses to lectins were lower in t...

We compare some blind finite-impulse-response (FIR) equalisation schemes for high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signalling. The popular constant modulus algorithm (CMA) is used as a benchmark in an investigation of two blind FIR equalisers, namely, a bootstrap maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) equaliser and a recently introduced concurrent CMA and decision directed (DD) equal...

BACKGROUND Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is the most common allergic disease in infancy. It is not clear, whether infants with CMA have an increased risk of developing other allergic diseases later in life, the so-called "allergic march". We aimed to detect genetic associations of CMA using reported single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in other allergic diseases and genetic mutations within the fil...

Biological activities of 17a-acetoxy-6-chloro-pregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione (chlormadinone acetate ; CMA) were investigated in comparison with those of 17a-acetoxy-6a-methylpregnane-3,20-dione (medroxyprogesterone acetate ; MAP). CMA produced marked progestational activity either subcutaneously or orally in the uterine carbonic anhydrase test, and its relative potency is approximately 30 times th...

The application of staining with the guanine-cytosine specific fluorochrome chromomycin A3 (CMA) of citrus chromosomes to genetic studies is reviewed. When CMA staining is performed, the existence of characteristic CMA banding patterns with high levels of diversity and heterozygosity in citrus chromosomes is demonstrated. Similar CMA banding patterns have been observed in related species. Thus,...

Recently a dithered signed-error constant modulus algorithm (DSE-CMA) has been proposed for the purpose of low complexity implementation of constant modulus algorithm (CMA), which is widely used for blind adaptive filtering due to its LMS-like desirable robustness properties. Despite the fact that this algorithm has robustness properties closely resembling those of CMA, it is very slow in conve...