bakground: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a cd4+ t cell-mediated autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (cns). it was previously believed that th1 cells were pathogenic t cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae). however, the functional role of th1 cells in eae has been reconsidered upon the discovery of il-17- producing t cells which are consider as dominant effect...

a 25-year-old female presented to the infertility opd with complaints of secondary infertility and pain lower abdomen with watery discharge for the past five days. she had history of undergoing hysterosalpingography in a private hospital ten days back. the interventions included drainage of pyometra, endometrial biopsy for routine and afb smear/ culture,  confirmation of diagnosis by m rna-base...

Background: Due to safety signals after vaccination with COVID-19 vector vaccines, several states recommended complete the primary immunization series in individuals having received one dose of ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca) an mRNA vaccine. However, data on and reactogenicity this heterologous regimen are still scarce. The aim study was therefore compare frequency medical consultations boost a mRNA-vac...

IL-32 and TNF? are important cytokines in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. IL-32 has not been previously studied with respect to MS. Here, we report IL-32 and TNF? transcript levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of MS patients and control individuals by real time PCR. A significant difference in IL-32 and TNF? mRNA levels of patients as compared to controls was not observed. Howeve...

Uğur Şahin, an oncologist and mRNA pioneer, discusses his firm’s development plans for cancer vaccines, mRNA-encoded proteins more.