The study is aimed to test causal relationship between growth and unemployment, using time series data for Pakistan from 1972 to 2006. Growth is considered to be a pathway to decrease the level of unemployment. Unemployment is a social and political issue. It is a phenomenon where human resources are wasted leading to deacceleration in growth. Johanson Cointegration shows that there is long run...

In this paper we use smooth transition vector error-correction models (STVECMs) in a simulated out-of-sample forecasting experiment for the unemployment rates of the four non-Euro G-7 countries, the U.S., U.K., Canada, and Japan. In the forecasting analysis, pooled forecasts constructed by taking the median value across the point forecasts generated by the linear VECM and the STVECMs generally ...

Given a compact manifold M , we prove that any bracket generating and invariant under multiplication on smooth functions family of vector fields on M generates the connected component of unit of the group DiffM . Let M be a smooth n-dimensional compact manifold, VecM the space of smooth vector fields on M and Diff0M the group of isotopic to the identity diffeomorphisms of M . Given f ∈ VecM , w...

Asymptotic inference in nonlinear vector error correction models (VECM) that exhibit regime-specific short-run dynamics is nonstandard and complicated. This paper contributes the literature in several important ways. First, we establish the consistency of the least squares estimator of the cointegrating vector allowing for both smooth and discontinuous transition between regimes. This is a nonr...

Economic growth is a goal that every country wants to achieve. in Indonesia influenced by many factors. This study aims analyze the effect of exchange rate, population and inflation on economic for period 1990-2019. The method used this research Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) after it known there cointegration VAR model testing. From results, stated Consumer Price Index (CPI) variable has...

هدف: پیشرفت جوامع بالاخص کشورهای درحال توسعه تا حد زیادی در گرو گسترش نهادهای دانشگاهی است. هم‌چنین یکی از مهم‌ترین ویژگی‌های آموزشی، درهم‌تنیدگی ساختارهای آموزش و اشتغال واقع هر آموزشی باید بازدهی یا توجیه اقتصادی داشته باشد که عالی‌ترین نوع آن ایجاد متناسب با فراگیر بر این اساس پژوهش حاضر به بررسی وضعیت راهیابی دانشجویان فارغ‌التحصیلان کارشناسی ارشد دکتری رشته تکنولوژی بازار کار عوامل مؤثر نظ...

Abstract A decrease in interest rate traditional view of monetary policy transmission is linked to a lower cost borrowing which eventually results into greater spending investment and bigger GDP. However, also income which, turn, affects the aggregate demand total So far, no concerted effort has been made investigate this positive inter-relation between GDP existing literature. Here first place...