De novo fatty acid biosynthesis occurs predominantly in plastids. The committed step for this pathway is the production of malonyl-CoA catalysed by acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase). In most plants, plastidial ACCase is a multisubunit complex minimally comprised of four polypeptides, which catalyse two reactions. In the simple oilseed plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, two cDNAs encoding biotin carboxy...

Embryo-specific overexpression of biotin carboxyl carrier protein 2 (BCCP2) inhibited plastid acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase), resulting in altered oil, protein, and carbohydrate composition in mature Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seed. To characterize gene and protein regulatory consequences of this mutation, global microarray, two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis, iTRAQ,...

Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase, EC 6.4.1.2) catalyzes the synthesis of malonyl-coenzyme A, which is utilized in the plastid for de novo fatty acid synthesis and outside the plastid for a variety of reactions, including the synthesis of very long chain fatty acids and flavonoids. Recent evidence for both multifunctional and multisubunit ACCase isozymes in dicot plants has been obtained. W...

We report the molecular cloning and sequence of the cDNA coding for the biotin-containing subunit of the chloroplastic acetylcoenzyme A (COA) carboxylase (ACCase) of Arabidopsis tbaliana (CAC7). l h e 3' end of the CAC7 sequence, coding for a peptide of 94 amino acids, which includes a putative biotinylation motif, was expressed in Escbericbia coli as a glutathione-S-transferase (CST) fusion pr...

Littleseed canarygrass (Phalaris minor Retz.) is one of the most common and troublesome weeds infesting wheat crop in India. Repeated use during the last two decades of the ACCase-inhibiting herbicide (clodinafop) to control this weed has resulted in the occurrence of resistance. Fifty-three P. minor populations were collected from wheat fields in Haryana and Punjab states of India. The dose-re...

Avena fatua (wild oat) populations with resistance (R) to one or more herbicides have been described in numerous cropping systems worldwide. We previously reported that the R3 and R4 wild oat populations from Montana, USA, were resistant to four herbicides representing three different modes of action: tralkoxydim [acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase] inhibitor), imazamethabenz and flucarbazone [acet...

Alopecurus japonicus has been a serious weed across China and developed resistance to the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicide. The A. ACCase gene mutations accounting for target-site (TSR) have clarified, while non-target-site (NTSR) is not distinct. Here, dose–response testing indicated that an population (R) was resistant four ACCase-inhibiting herbicides fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, ...

Herbicides play an important role in preventing crop yield losses due to both their weed interference ability and capacity for increasing soil conservation no-till systems. Group A herbicides or acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) are essential tools the selective management of glyphosate resistance grass species. In this review, we describe aspects ACCase biology targeting enzyme, along with a dis...

Abstract Field and pot experiments were conducted in Greece to study the occurrence of resistance silky windgrass acetolactate synthase (ALS)- acetyl-CoA (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides. Twenty-four populations examined whole-plant response experiments. High levels field-evolved chlorsulfuron (0% 28% control terms fresh weight reduction) with recommended field rates confirmed most populations. H...

Natural accessions of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) differ in their ability to tolerate a loss of chloroplast translation. These differences can be attributed in part to variation in a duplicated nuclear gene (ACC2) that targets homomeric acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) to plastids. This functional redundancy allows limited fatty acid biosynthesis to occur in the absence of heterome...